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Attalids

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Title: Attalids  
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Subject: Pergamon, Mysia, Tenedos, Phrygians, Pergamon Altar, List of ancient Macedonians, Didim, Greeks in Turkey, Synnada, Phrygia
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Attalids

Kingdom of Pergamon
←
282 BC–133 BC →
Capital Pergamon
Government Monarchy
King
 -  282–263 BC Philetaerus
 -  263–241 BC Eumenes I
 -  241–197 BC Attalus I
 -  197–159 BC Eumenes II
 -  160–138 BC Attalus II
 -  138–133 BC Attalus III
 -  133–129 BC Eumenes III
Historical era Hellenistic period
 -  Philetaerus takes control of the city of Pergamon 282 BC 282 BC
 -  Attalus III bequeathed the kingdom to the Roman Republic 133 BC
 -  Disestablished 133 BC

The Attalid dynasty /ˈætəlɨd/ was a Hellenistic dynasty that ruled the city of Pergamon after the death of Lysimachus, a general of Alexander the Great. The Attalid kingdom was the rump state left after the collapse of the Lysimachian Empire. One of Lysimachus' officers, Philetaerus, took control of the city in 282 BC. The later Attalids were descended from his father, and they expanded the city into a kingdom. Attalus I proclaimed himself King in the 230s BC, following his victories over the Galatians. The Attalids ruled Pergamon until Attalus III bequeathed the kingdom to the Roman Republic in 133 BC[1] to avoid a likely succession crisis.

On the interior of the Pergamon Altar is a frieze depicting the life of Telephus, son of Herakles, whom the ruling Attalid dynasty associated with its city and utilized to claim descent from the Olympians. Pergamon, having entered the Greek world much later than its counterparts to the west, could not boast the same divine heritage as older city-states, and retroactively had to cultivate its place in Greek mythos.

Dynasty of Pergamum

Genealogy

 
 
Attalus
 
Boa
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PhiletaerusEumenes
 
SatyraAttalus
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Eumenes I
 
Philetaerus (?)
 
 
Attalus
 
Antiochis
 
Eumenes (?)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Attalus I
 
Apollonis
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stratonice
 
Eumenes II
 
(?)
 
Attalus II
 
Philetaerus
 
Athenaeus
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Attalus IIIEumenes III

Notes

Sources

Commons has media related to Attalid dynasty.
  • Shipley (2000). The Greek World After Alexander, 323-30 B.C.
  • Hansen, Esther V. (1971). The Attalids of Pergamon. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press; London: Cornell University Press Ltd. ISBN 0-8014-0615-3.
  • Kosmetatou, Elizabeth (2003) "The Attalids of Pergamon," in Andrew Erskine, ed., A Companion to the Hellenistic World. Oxford: Blackwell: pp. 159–174. text
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