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The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila or Archdiocese of Manila (RCAM) is a particular church or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the Philippines. It is also considered as the primatial see of the country, currently held by the Archbishop of Manila as de facto primate over all other dioceses. The Archbishop is customarily elevated to the status of Cardinal some time after his enthronement.
Luis Antonio Cardinal Tagle, formerly bishop of the Diocese of Imus, was appointed Archbishop by Pope Benedict XVI on October 13, 2011.[2] Its titular church is the Cathedral-Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, with the Virgin Mary, under the title of Immaculate Conception as the principal patroness of the Republic of the Philippines and Filipino people.
The original Diocese of Manila was canonically erected on February 6, 1579 through the Papal bull Illius fulti præsidio by Pope Gregory XIII, encompassing all of the Spanish colonies in Asia and originally was a suffragan of Mexico. Fray Domingo de Salazar, a Dominican from the Convent of San Sebastian in Salamanca, Spain, was selected by King Philip II of Spain as the Bishop of the new diocese and was presented to the pope.[3]
Over the course of history and growth of Catholicism in the Philippines, the Diocese of Manila was elevated and new dioceses had been carved from its territory. On August 14, 1595, Pope Clement VIII raised the diocese to the status of an Archdiocese with Bishop Ignacio Santibáñez elevated as its first archbishop. Three new dioceses were created as suffragan to Manila: Nueva Caceres, Nueva Segovia, and Cebu. With the creation of these new dioceses, the territory of the Archdiocese was reduced to the city of Manila and the adjoining civil provinces in proximity including Mindoro Island. It was bounded to the north by the Diocese of Nueva Segovia, to the south by the Diocese of Cebu, and to the southeast by the Diocese of Nueva Caveres.[4]
The province of Mindoro was established as an independent diocese on April 10, 1910 by virtue of a Decretum Consistoriale executed by Pope Pius X, implementing the Bull “Quae Mari Sinico” of Pope Leo XIII. Also on that date saw the creation of the Diocese of Lipa (now known as the Archdiocese of Lipa) which had jurisdiction over the provinces of Batangas, Quezon Province, Marinduque and some parts of Masbate.
Eighteen years later, on May 19, 1928, Pope Pius XI established the Diocese of Lingayen, carved from Manila and Nueva Segovia. In this creation 26 parishes were separated from Manila. He also named Our Lady of Guadalupe as a patroness of the Filipino people in 1938.
In September 1942, Pope Pius XII declared Our Lady of Immaculate Conception as the Principal Patroness of the Philippines on the Papal Bull, Impositi Nobis, along with Saints Pudentiana and Rose of Lima as secondary patrons.[5]
On December 11, 1948, the Apostolic Constitution, “Probe noscitur” further divided the Archdiocese of Manila by separating the northern part of the Archdiocese and establishing it as the Diocese of San Fernando. On November 25, 1961, the Archdiocese of Manila was again partitioned. The civil provinces of Bulacan in the north and Cavite in the south were separated from the Archdiocese, the northern part becoming the Diocese of Malolos and towards the south the Diocese of Imus.
Pope John Paul II declared the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception a Minor Basilica in 1982 through a Motu Proprio.
Fifteen towns and two barangay from eastern Rizal were excised on January 24, 1983 to form the Diocese of Antipolo.
In 2002, two more dioceses were carved out of the Archdiocese: the Diocese of Novaliches in the north and the Diocese of Parañaque in the south, which also comprised the cities of Las Piñas and Muntinlupa.
In 2003, by the recommendation of Cardinal Jaime Sin and by papal decree, the Archdiocese was further partitioned to form three new dioceses: the Dioceses of Cubao, Caloocan and Pasig.
The see of the Archbishop of Manila is the Manila Cathedral, under the patronage of the Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception. The Archbishop of Manila is also the metropolitan bishop of several suffragan archdioceses and dioceses as well as the Primate of the Philippines.
After having been served by a single residential bishop, nineteen Archbishops were appointed from Spain. In 1903, the Archdiocese of Manila received its first American archbishop as appointed by the Holy See. Following the tenure of Archbishop Jeremiah James Harty from St. Louis, Missouri, the Irishman Michael J. O'Doherty was appointed, and received on September 6, 1916,.
Archbishop O'Doherty would lead the Philippine Church in its most difficult times, when Filipinos were petitioning for sovereignty from the United States, followed by the Japanese Occupation of the Philippines during World War II.
When Archbishop O'Doherty died after Philippine independence, the Vatican chose the first Filipino to become Archbishop. Fr. Gabriel Reyes was already serving as Coadjutor Archbishop of Manila before being raised to the position. His successor, Archbishop (later Cardinal) Rufino Jiao Santos, became the first Filipino to become a cardinal in-consistory.
Jaime Sin became the most recognised Archbishop worldwide when he challenged the authoritarian regime of Ferdinand Marcos. Having become only the third Filipino cardinal, Cardinal Sin was credited as one of the architects of the 1986 People Power movement that deposed Marcos and dismantled his government.
In 2003, Pope John Paul II appointed Gaudencio Rosales as the new Archbishop, succeeding Cardinal Sin; he was later elevated by Pope Benedict XVI to the cardinalate on March 24, 2006.
On October 13, 2011, the Apostolic Nunciature in Manila announced the appointment of Luis Antonio Cardinal Tagle, then the Bishop of Imus as the new Archbishop, assisted by two auxiliary bishops, replacing Cardinal Rosales, who had resigned at the compulsory age of retirement. Rosales retired from public ministry but bore the honorary title of Archbishop-Emeritus.
Below are member priests of the College of Consultors of the Archdiocese of Manila since January 18, 2012. Auxiliary bishops also serve as vicar generals.
As of 2004, the Archdiocese of Manila has registered a total of 2,719,781 baptized Catholics. The faithful are served by the archdiocese's 475 diocesan and religious priests – with a ratio of 5,725 Catholics per priests, under 85 parishes. The archdiocese also houses 369 male religious and 1,730 female religious engaged in various social, pastoral and missionary works in various areas of the archdiocese.
The archdiocese operates San Carlos Seminary, which is responsible for the formation of future priests for the archdiocese and for its suffragan dioceses. Located in Makati City, it has collegiate- and theologate-level formation houses as well as formation houses for Chinese Filipino future priests (which is the Lorenzo Ruiz Mission Society) and a center for adult vocations (Holy Apostles Senior Seminary). The seminary offers civil and ecclesiastical degrees in philosophy, theology and pastoral ministry.
The archdiocese also operates Our Lady of Guadalupe Minor Seminary, a seminary for young men in the secondary school level. It is located a few blocks away from San Carlos Seminary.
Other major seminaries that serve the spiritual and pastoral needs of the archdiocese include the San Jose Seminary (under the administration of the Jesuits, located within the Ateneo de Manila University complex) and the UST Central Seminary, the Royal and Pontifical Interdiocesan Seminary of the Philippines, (under the administration of the Dominicans, located within the University of Santo Tomas campus).
The official residence of the Papal Nuncio to the Philippines is located within the archdiocese, although the nuncio is not subject to the authority of the archbishop. The present papal nuncio is Archbishop Giuseppe Pinto, who is also the concurrent dean of the diplomatic corps in the Philippines by virtue of local diplomatic protocol.
VICARIATE OF OUR LADY OF GUADALUPE Makati City
VICARIATE OF ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST Mandaluyong City and San Juan City
VICARIATE OF ST. JOSEPH THE WORKER Makati City
VICARIATE OF STS. PETER AND PAUL Makati City
VICARIATE OF SAN FELIPE NERI Mandaluyong City
VICARIATE OF STA. CLARA DE MONTEFALCO Pasay City
VICARIATE OF THE HOLY FAMILY
VICARIATE OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
VICARIATE OF NUESTRA SEÑORA DE GUIA
VICARIATE OF OUR LADY OF LORETO
VICARIATE OF SAN FERNANDO DE DILAO
VICARIATE OF SAN JOSÉ DE TROZO
VICARIATE OF STO. NIÑO
Template:Roman Catholic dioceses in the Philippines
Coordinates: 14°35′29″N 120°58′25″E / 14.59139°N 120.97361°E / 14.59139; 120.97361
Manila, Metro Manila, Indonesia, Australia, Malaysia
Easter, Bible, Holy Week, Resurrection of Jesus, Jesus
1919, 1924, 1913, 1925, 2003
Metro Manila, Quezon City, Intramuros, Philippines, Binondo
Cavite City, Philippines, Metro Manila, Kawit, Cavite, Batangas