Bilabial ejective

pʼ

IPA number 101 + 401

Encoding

Entity (decimal) pʼ

Unicode (hex) U+0070 U+02BC

X-SAMPA p_>

Kirshenbaum p`

Braille

Image

Sound

The bilabial ejective is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨pʼ⟩.

Features 1
Occurrence 2
See also 3
References 4
Bibliography 5

Features

Features of the bilabial ejective:

Its manner of articulation is occlusive, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract. Since the consonant is also oral, with no nasal outlet, the airflow is blocked entirely, and the consonant is a stop.
Its place of articulation is bilabial, which means it is articulated with both lips.
Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
Because the sound is not produced with airflow over the tongue, the central–lateral dichotomy does not apply.
The airstream mechanism is ejective (glottalic egressive), which means the air is forced out by pumping the glottis upward.

Occurrence

In addition to the languages listed below, this sound is also common in Ethiopian Semitic languages.

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Adyghe		пӏакӏэ		'thin'
Armenian	Yerevan dialect^[1]	պոչ	[pʼotʃʰ]	'tail'	Corresponds to tenuis [p⁼] in other Eastern dialects
Chechen		пӏелг	[pʼelɡ]	'finger'
Georgian		არპ	[ˈpʼar]	'sun'
Hadza		hûbbu	[ɦuːpʼu]	'to lift something heavy'	(mimetic)
Haida		ttappad	[tʼapʼat]	'to break'	(mimetic)
Kabardian		цӏапӏэ		'mean'
Nez Perce		p’íłin	[ˈpʼiɬin]	'hole'
Quechua		p’acha	[pʼat͡ʃa]	'clothes'
Ubykh		[saakʲʼawəpʼtsʼaj]		'what is your name?'	See Ubykh phonology

References

^ Dum-Tragut (2009:17–18)

Bibliography

Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009), Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company

International Phonetic Alphabet

IPA topics

IPA	International Phonetic Association History of the IPA Extensions to the IPA Kiel convention (1989) Journal of the IPA (JIPA) Naming conventions

Phonetics	Diacritics Segments Tone letter Place of articulation Manner of articulation

Special topics	Case variants of IPA letters Handwritten IPA Obsolete and nonstandard symbols IPA chart for English dialects

Encodings	SAMPA X-SAMPA Kirshenbaum TIPA Phonetic symbols in Unicode WorldBet IPA Braille

Consonants

IPA pulmonic consonantschart image • audio

Place →

Labial

Coronal

Dorsal

Laryngeal

↓ Manner

Bilabial

Labiodental

Linguolabial

Dental

Alveolar

Palato-
alveolar

Retroflex

Alveolo-
palatal

Palatal

Velar

Uvular

Pharyngeal
/ Epiglottal

Glottal

Nasal

m̥

n̼̊

n̼

n̥

ɳ̊

ɲ̊

ŋ̊

ɴ̥

Stop

p̪

b̪

t̼

d̼

Sibilant affricate

tʃ

dʒ

ʈʂ

ɖʐ

tɕ

dʑ

Non-sibilant affricate

pɸ

bβ

p̪f

b̪v

tθ

dð

tθ̠

dð̠

t̠ɹ̠̊˔

d̠ɹ̠˔

cç

ɟʝ

ɡɣ

qχ

ɢʁ

ʡħ

ʡʕ

ʔh

Sibilant fricative

Non-sibilant fricative

θ̼

ð̼

θ̱

ð̠

ɹ̠̊˔

ɹ̠˔

ɦ ʔ̞

Approximant

ɸ˕

θ̞

ɹ̥

ɻ̊

j̊

ɰ̊

Flap or tap

ⱱ̟

ⱱ

ɾ̼

ɾ̥

ɽ̊

ɢ̆

ʡ̮

Trill

r̼

r̥

ɽr̥

ɽr

ʀ̥

Lateral affricate

tɬ

dɮ

ʈɭ̊˔

cʎ̥˔

kʟ̝̊

ɡʟ̝

Lateral fricative

ɭ̊˔

ʎ̥˔

ʎ̝

ʟ̝̊

ʟ̝

Lateral approximant

l̼

l̥

ɭ̊

ʎ̥

ʟ̠

Lateral flap

ɺ̼

ɭ̆

ʎ̮

ʟ̆

Non-pulmonic consonants
Simple clicks	ʘ	ʘ̬	ʘ̃	ǀ	ǀ̬	ǀ̃	ǃ	ǃ̬	ǃ̃
Simple clicks	ǂ	ǂ̬	ǂ̃	ǁ	ǁ̬	ǁ̃	ǃ˞	ǃ̬˞	ǃ̃˞
Other clicks	ʘ̃ˀ	ʘˀ	ˀʘ̃	ʘ͡q	ʘ͡qχ	ʘ͡qʼ	ʘ͡qχʼ	¡	ʞ
Implosives	ɓ	ɗ	ᶑ	ʄ	ɠ	ʛ
Implosives	ɓ̥	ɗ̥	ᶑ̥	ʄ̊	ɠ̊	ʛ̥
Ejectives	pʼ	tʼ	ʈʼ	cʼ	kʼ	qʼ	ʡʼ
	fʼ	θʼ	sʼ	ɬʼ	ʃʼ	ʂʼ	ɕʼ	xʼ	χʼ
	tsʼ	tɬʼ	tʃʼ	ʈʂʼ	tɕʼ	cʎ̝̥ʼ	kxʼ	kʟ̝̊ʼ	qχʼ

Co-articulated consonants
Continuants	ʍ	w	ɥ̊	ɥ	ɫ
Occlusives	k͡p	ɡ͡b	ŋ͡m	ɧ
Occlusives	t͡p	d͡b	n͡m	q͡ʡ

— These tables contain phonetic symbols, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help]

— Where symbols appear in pairs, left–right represent the voiceless–voiced consonants.

— Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible or not distinctive.

Chart image

Pulmonics
Non-pulmonics
Affricates
Co-articulated

Vowels

Front

Near-front

Central

Near-back

Back

Close

•iy

•ɨʉ

•ɯu

•ɪʏ

•ɪ̈ʊ̈

•eø

•ɘɵ

•ɤo

•e̞ø̞

•əɵ̞

•ɤ̞o̞

•ɛœ

•ɜɞ

•ʌɔ

•æ

•aɶ

•äɒ̈

•ɑɒ

Near-close

Close-mid

Mid

Open-mid

Near-open

Open

• chart • chart with audio •

Categories

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Bilabial ejective