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ɯ
M
u-
The close back unrounded vowel, or high back unrounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages. Acoustically it is a close back-central unrounded vowel.[1] The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɯ⟩. Typographically a turned letter m, given its relation to the sound represented by the letter u it can be considered a u with an extra "bowl". The sound is sometimes referred to as "unrounded u".
The IPA prefers terms "close" and "open" for vowels, hence the name of this article. However, a large number of linguists, perhaps a majority, prefer the terms "high" and "low".
The symbol ⟨ɯ⟩ is sometimes used for Japanese /u/, but that sound is rounded, albeit with labial compression rather than protrusion. It is more accurately described as an exolabial close back vowel.
Language, Back vowel, International Phonetic Alphabet, Vowel, Rounded vowel
Front vowel, International Phonetic Alphabet, Close-mid vowel, Place of articulation, Manner of articulation
Hong Kong, Simplified Chinese characters, Singapore, Pinyin, Hanja
Front vowel, Central vowel, Back vowel, Close vowel, Close-mid vowel
International Phonetic Alphabet, Ə, Front vowel, Central vowel, Back vowel
International Phonetic Alphabet, Place of articulation, Manner of articulation, ɾ̼, Front vowel
Manner of articulation, Place of articulation, International Phonetic Alphabet, ɾ̼, Language