Jeremy John Irons (born 19 September 1948)[1] is an English actor. After receiving classical training at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School, Irons began his acting career on stage in 1969, and has since appeared in many London theatre productions including The Winter's Tale, Macbeth, Much Ado About Nothing, The Taming of the Shrew, Godspell, Richard II and Embers. In 1984, he made his Broadway debut in Tom Stoppard's The Real Thing and received a Tony Award for Best Actor.
Irons' first major film role came in the 1981 romantic drama The French Lieutenant's Woman, for which he received a BAFTA nomination for Best Actor. After starring in such films as Moonlighting (1982), Betrayal (1983) and The Mission (1986), he gained critical acclaim for portraying twin gynaecologists in David Cronenberg's psychological thriller Dead Ringers (1988). In 1990, Irons played accused murderer Claus von Bülow in Reversal of Fortune, and took home multiple awards, including an Academy Award for Best Actor. Other notable films have included Kafka (1991), The House of the Spirits (1993), M. Butterfly (1993), The Lion King (1994), Die Hard with a Vengeance (1995), Lolita (1997), The Man in the Iron Mask (1998), The Merchant of Venice (2004), Being Julia (2004), Kingdom of Heaven (2005), Eragon (2006), Appaloosa (2008), and Margin Call (2011).
Irons has also made several notable appearances on TV. He earned his first United Nations.
Early life
Irons was born in Cowes, Isle of Wight, the son of Barbara Anne Brereton Brymer (née Sharpe; 1914–1999), a housewife, and Paul Dugan Irons (1913–1983), an accountant.[1] His Dundee-born, paternal great-great-grandfather was a Metropolitan Policemen who was sacked for drunkenness, and later a Chartist; one of his mother's ancestors was from County Cork, Ireland, where Irons lives as of at least February 2011.[2] Irons has a brother, Christopher (born 1943), and a sister, Felicity Anne (born 1944).
Irons was educated at the independent Sherborne School in Dorset, (c. 1962–66). He was the drummer and harmonica player (including renditions of "Stairway to Heaven" and Moon River on harmonica) in a four-man school band called the Four Pillars of Wisdom. They performed, in a classroom normally used as a physics lab, for the entertainment of boys compulsorily exiled from their houses for two hours on Sunday afternoons. (Explanation: During these two hours, boys were not allowed in their halls of residence—a rule presumably meant to encourage exercise and/or discourage idleness). He was also known within Abbey House as half of a comic duo performing skits on Halloween and at end-of-term house suppers.
Acting career
Early work
Irons trained as an actor at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School and later became president of its fundraising appeal. He performed a number of plays, and busked on the streets of Bristol, before appearing on the London stage as John the Baptist and Judas opposite David Essex in Godspell, which opened at the Roundhouse on 17 November 1971 before transferring to Wyndham's Theatre playing a total of 1,128 performances.[3]
Television
He made several appearances on British television, including the children's television series Play Away and as Franz Liszt in the BBC 1974 series Notorious Woman. More significantly he starred in the 13-part adaptation of H.E. Bates' novel Love for Lydia for London Weekend Television (1977), and attracted attention for his key role as the pipe-smoking German student, a romantic pairing with Judi Dench in Harold Pinter's screenplay adaptation of Aidan Higgins' novel Langrishe, Go Down for BBC television (1978).
The role which brought him fame was that of Charles Ryder in the television adaptation of Evelyn Waugh's Brideshead Revisited (1981). Brideshead reunited him with Anthony Andrews, with whom he had appeared in The Pallisers seven years earlier. In the same year he starred in the film The French Lieutenant's Woman opposite Meryl Streep.
Almost as a 'lap of honour' after these major successes, in 1982 he played the leading role of an exiled Polish building contractor, working in the Twickenham area of South West London, in Jerzy Skolimowski's independent film Moonlighting, widely seen on television, a performance which extended his acting range.
Irons in July 2006
In 2005, Irons won both an Emmy award and a Golden Globe award for his supporting role in the TV mini-series, Elizabeth I. A year later Irons was one of the participants in the third series of the BBC documentary series Who Do You Think You Are?.[4][5] In 2008 he played Lord Vetinari in Terry Pratchett's The Colour of Magic, an adaptation for Sky One.
On 6 November 2008, [6] Irons also appeared in the documentary for Irish television channel TG4, Faoi Lan Cheoil in which he learned to play the fiddle.
On 12 January 2011, Irons was a guest-star in an episode of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit called "Mask". He played Dr. Cap Jackson, a sex therapist.[7] He reprised the role on an episode titled "Totem" that ran on 30 March 2011.
Irons stars in the 2011 U.S. premium cable network Pope Alexander VI.[8]
Film
Irons at 2011 Berlin Film Festival
Irons made his film debut in Nijinsky in 1980. He appeared sporadically in films during the 1980s, including the Cannes Palme d'Or winner The Mission in 1986, and in the dual role of twin gynecologists in David Cronenberg's Dead Ringers in 1988. Other films include Danny the Champion of the World (1989), Reversal of Fortune (1990), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor, Kafka (1991), Damage (1993), M. Butterfly (1993), The House of the Spirits (1993) appearing again with Glenn Close and Meryl Streep, the voice of Scar in The Lion King (1994), Die Hard with a Vengeance (1995) co-starring Bruce Willis and Samuel L. Jackson, Bernardo Bertolucci's Stealing Beauty (1996), the 1997 remake of Lolita, and as the musketeer Aramis opposite Leonardo DiCaprio in the 1998 film version of The Man in the Iron Mask.
Other roles include the evil wizard Profion in the film Dungeons and Dragons (2000) and Rupert Gould in Longitude (2000). He played the Über-Morlock in the film The Time Machine (2002). In 2004, Irons played Severus Snape in Comic Relief's Harry Potter parody, "Harry Potter and the Secret Chamberpot of Azerbaijan".
In 2005, he appeared in the films Casanova opposite Heath Ledger, and Ridley Scott's Kingdom of Heaven. He has co-starred with John Malkovich in two films; The Man in the Iron Mask (1998) and Eragon (2006), though they did not have any scenes together in the latter.
In 2008, Irons co-starred with Ed Harris and Viggo Mortensen in Appaloosa, directed by Harris. In 2011, Irons appeared alongside Kevin Spacey in the thriller Margin Call.[9]
In 2013, it was announced that Irons would appear in A Magnificent Death From a Shattered Hand.[10] In 2014, Warner Bros. announced that Irons will play Alfred Pennyworth in Batman V Superman: Dawn of Justice.[11]
Theatre
Irons has worked with the Royal Shakespeare Company three times in 1976, 1986–87 and 2010.[12][13] In 1984, Irons made his New York debut and won a Tony Award for his Broadway performance opposite Glenn Close in The Real Thing.
After an absence from the London stage for 18 years, in 2006 he co-starred with Patrick Malahide in Christopher Hampton's stage adaptation of Sándor Márai's novel Embers at the Duke of York's Theatre.[14]
He made his National Theatre debut playing Harold Macmillan in Never So Good, a new play by Howard Brenton which opened at the Lyttelton on 19 March 2008.[15][16]
In 2009, Irons appeared on Broadway opposite Joan Allen in the play Impressionism.[17] The play ran through 10 May 2009 at the Gerald Schoenfeld Theater.[17]
Other ventures
Audio
Irons read the audio book recording of Evelyn Waugh's Brideshead Revisited, Paulo Coelho's The Alchemist, the audio book recording of Vladimir Nabokov's Lolita (he had also appeared in the 1997 film version of the novel), and the audio book James and the Giant Peach by Roald Dahl.
One of his best known film roles has turned out to be lending his distinctive voice to Scar in The Lion King (1994) serving as the main antagonist of the film. Irons has since provided voiceovers for three Disney World attractions. He narrated the Spaceship Earth ride, housed in the large geodesic globe at Epcot, from October 1994 to July 2007. He was also the English narrator for the Studio Tram Tour: Behind the Magic at the Walt Disney Studios Park at Disneyland Paris. He also voiced H.G. Wells in the English version of the former Disney attraction The Timekeeper. He also reprised his role as Scar in Fantasmic.
He is also one of the readers in the 4x CD boxed set of The Fairy Tales of Oscar Wilde, produced by Marc Sinden and sold in aid of the Royal Theatrical Fund.[18][19]
He was originally to star as the Phantom in a 2006 French musical adaptation of Gaston Leroux's novel The Phantom of the Opera, though the project was cancelled. He will be the narrator for Val Kilmer and Bill Pullman's Lewis and Clark film from Revolution Studios.
He serves as the English language version of the audio guide for Westminster Abbey in London.
Irons has served as voice-over in two big cat documentary films by National Geographic: Eye of the Leopard, which was released in 2006,[20] and The Last Lions, which was released on 18 February 2011.[21] He also currently narrates the French-produced documentary series about volcanoes, Life on Fire. The series premiered in the United States on 2 January 2013 on PBS, though the six episodes were previously released in France from 2009 to 2012 with a different, French-speaking narrator.
Music
In 1985, Irons directed a music video for Carly Simon and her heavily promoted single, "Tired of Being Blonde". In 1994, he had a cameo role in the video for Elastica's hit single "Connection".
Irons has contributed to other musical performances, recording William Walton's Façade with Dame Peggy Ashcroft, Stravinsky's The Soldier's Tale conducted by the composer, and in 1987 the songs from Lerner and Loewe's My Fair Lady with Dame Kiri Te Kanawa, released on the Decca label. Irons sang segments of "Be Prepared" in the film The Lion King. After his voice gave out during toward the end of that musical number, Jim Cummings (who voiced Ed the Hyena) took over as Scar's singing voice. He sang a selection of Noël Coward at the 1999 Last Night of the Proms in celebration of the 100th anniversary of Coward's birth. In 2003 he played Fredrik Egerman in a New York revival of Stephen Sondheim's A Little Night Music, and two years later appeared as King Arthur in Lerner and Loewe's Camelot at the Hollywood Bowl. He performed the Bob Dylan song "Make You Feel My Love" on the 2006 charity album Unexpected Dreams – Songs From the Stars.
In 2009, Irons appeared on the Touchstone album Wintercoast, recording a narrative introduction to the album.[22] Recording took place in New York City, New York in February 2009 during rehearsals for his Broadway play Impressionism.
Personal life
Irons married Julie Hallam in 1969 and subsequently divorced.[1] He married Irish actress Sinéad Cusack on 28 March 1978.[1] They have two sons, Sam (b. 1978), who works as a photographer, and Max Irons (b. 1985), also an actor. Both of Irons's sons have appeared in films with their father – Sam as the eponymous hero in Danny, Champion of the World and Max in Being Julia. Irons' wife and children are Catholic; of himself, he has stated, "I don’t go to church much because I don’t like belonging to a club, and I don’t go to confession or anything like that, I don’t believe in it. But I try to be aware of where I fail and I occasionally go to services. I would hate to be a person who didn’t have a spiritual side because there’s nothing to nourish you in life apart from retail therapy."[23]
Irons owns Kilcoe Castle (which he had painted a rusty pink) in County Cork, Ireland,[24] and has become involved in local politics there. He also has another Irish residence in the Liberties, Dublin. Irons is a patron of the Chiltern Shakespeare Company.[25]
Irons was bestowed an Honorary-Life Membership by the University College Dublin Law Society in September 2008, in honour of his contribution to television, film, audio, music and theatre.[26][27] Also in 2008, Irons was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by Southampton Solent University.[28]
Activism
Charity work
At the 1991 Tony Awards, Irons was one of the few celebrities to wear the recently created red ribbon to support the fight against AIDS, and he was the first celebrity to wear it onscreen.[29][30] He supports a number of other charities, including the Prison Phoenix Trust and Evidence for Development, for both of which he is an active patron.[31][32][33]
In 2010, Irons starred in a promotional video[34] for The 1billionhungry project[35] – a worldwide drive to attract at least one million signatures to a petition calling on international leaders to move hunger to the top of the political agenda.[36] He also provided the narration of the documentary "Sahaya Going Beyond"[37]", about the work of the charity Sahaya International.
Politics
In 1998, Irons and his wife were named in the list of the biggest private financial donors to the Labour Party, a year after its return to government after 18 years in opposition.[38] In 2004, he publicly declared his support for the Countryside Alliance, referring to the hunting ban as an "outrageous assault on civil liberties" and "one of the two most devastating parliamentary votes in the last century".[39]
In April 2013, Irons was asked by Huffpost Live host Josh Zepps his opinion on the fight for same-sex marriage in the United States. Irons responded, "Could a father not marry his son?" Zepps responded with an argument that laws against incest prevent such a union. Irons argued that "it's not incest between men. Incest is there to protect us from inbreeding, but men don't breed," and wondered whether same-sex marriage might allow fathers to bequeath their estates to their sons to avoid taxation. On the issue of advocates calling for same-sex marriage as opposed to civil unions, he said, "It seems to me that now they're fighting for the name," and, "I worry that it means somehow we debase, or we change, what marriage is. I just worry about that."[40][41]
He later clarified his comments, saying he was providing an example of a situation that could cause a "legal quagmire" under the laws that allow same-sex marriage, and that he had been misinterpreted. He added that some gay relationships are "healthier" than their straight counterparts.[42]
Alternative medicine
He has been criticised in the British Medical Journal for his fundraising activities in support of The College of Medicine, an alternative medicine lobby group in the UK linked to Prince Charles.[43]
Work
Theatre
Following training at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre school Irons initially stayed with the company:
Filmography
Year
|
Title
|
Role
|
Notes
|
1971
|
The Rivals of Sherlock Holmes
|
Nephew George
|
TV series (1 episode: "The Case of the Mirror of Portugal")
|
1974
|
The Pallisers
|
Frank Tregear
|
TV series (6 episodes)
|
1974
|
Notorious Woman
|
Franz Liszt
|
TV mini-series
|
1975
|
The Liberty Tree
|
|
TV film
|
1975
|
Churchill's People
|
Samuel Ross
|
TV series (1 episode: "Liberty Tree")
|
1977
|
Love for Lydia
|
Alex Sanderson
|
TV series (6 episodes)
|
1978
|
BBC2 Play of the Week
|
Otto Beck
|
TV series (1 episode: "Langrishe Go Down")
|
1979
|
BBC Play of the Month
|
Edward Voysey
|
TV series (1 episode: "The Voysey Inheritance")
|
1980
|
Nijinsky
|
Mikhail Fokine
|
|
1981
|
French Lieutenant's Woman, TheThe French Lieutenant's Woman
|
Charles Henry Smithson/Mike
|
|
1981
|
Brideshead Revisited
|
Charles Ryder
|
TV mini-series (11 episodes)
|
1982
|
Moonlighting
|
Nowak
|
|
1982
|
Spaceship Earth
|
3rd Edition Narrator
|
Short
|
1983
|
The Captain's Doll
|
Captain Alex Hepworth
|
TV film
|
1983
|
Betrayal
|
Jerry
|
|
1984
|
Wild Duck, TheThe Wild Duck
|
Harold
|
|
1984
|
Swann in Love
|
Charles Swann
|
|
1985
|
Rabbit Ears: The Steadfast Tin Soldier
|
Storyteller
|
Short
|
1986
|
Mission, TheThe Mission
|
Father Gabriel
|
|
1988
|
Dead Ringers
|
Beverly Mantle/Elliot Mantle
|
|
1989
|
Chorus of Disapproval, AA Chorus of Disapproval
|
Guy Jones
|
|
1989
|
Australia
|
Edouard Pierson
|
|
1989
|
Danny, the Champion of the World
|
William Smith
|
|
1989
|
The Dream
|
|
TV film
|
1990
|
The Civil War
|
Various
|
TV mini-series (9 episodes)
|
1990
|
Reversal of Fortune
|
Claus von Bülow
|
|
1991
|
Beggar's Opera, TheThe Beggar's Opera
|
Prisoner
|
|
1991
|
Kafka
|
Kafka
|
|
1991
|
Saturday Night Live
|
Host
|
TV series (1 episode: "Jeremy Irons/Fishbone")
|
1992
|
Timekeeper, TheThe Timekeeper
|
H.G. Wells
|
Short
|
1992
|
Waterland
|
Tom Crick
|
|
1992
|
Performance
|
Odon Von Horvath
|
TV series (1 episode: "Tales from Hollywood")
|
1992
|
Damage
|
Dr. Stephen Fleming
|
|
1993
|
M. Butterfly
|
René Gallimard
|
|
1993
|
House of the Spirits, TheThe House of the Spirits
|
Esteban Trueba
|
|
1994
|
Spaceship Earth
|
Narrator
|
|
1994
|
Lion King, TheThe Lion King
|
Scar (voice)
|
|
1995
|
Die Hard with a Vengeance
|
Simon Gruber
|
|
1996
|
The Great War and the Shaping of the 20th Century
|
Siegfried Sassoon
|
TV series (3 episodes)
|
1996
|
Stealing Beauty
|
Alex
|
|
1997
|
Chinese Box
|
John
|
|
1997
|
Lolita
|
Humbert Humbert
|
|
1998
|
Man in the Iron Mask, TheThe Man in the Iron Mask
|
Aramis
|
|
1999
|
Faeries
|
The Shapeshifter (voice)
|
|
1999
|
Islands of Adventure: Poseidon's Fury: Escape from the Lost City
|
Poseidon (voice)
|
Short
|
2000
|
Dungeons & Dragons
|
Profion
|
|
2000
|
Longitude
|
Rupert Gould
|
TV series (4 episodes)
|
2000
|
Ohio Impromptu
|
Reader/Listener
|
Short
|
2001
|
The Short Life of Anne Frank
|
Narrator
|
Dutch TV documentary
|
2001
|
Fourth Angel, TheThe Fourth Angel
|
Jack Elgin
|
|
2002
|
Callas Forever
|
Larry Kelly
|
|
2002
|
Last Call
|
F. Scott Fitzgerald
|
TV film
|
2002
|
Time Machine, TheThe Time Machine
|
Über-Morlock
|
|
2002
|
And Now... Ladies and Gentlemen
|
Valentin Valentin
|
|
2003
|
Freedom: A History of Us
|
King James I/Lord Grey/Thomas Paine
|
TV series (3 episodes)
|
2003
|
Comic Relief 2003: The Big Hair Do
|
Snape
|
TV film
|
2004
|
Mathilde
|
Col. De Petris
|
|
2004
|
Merchant of Venice, TheThe Merchant of Venice
|
Antonio
|
|
2004
|
Being Julia
|
Michael Gosselyn
|
|
2005
|
Kingdom of Heaven
|
Tiberias
|
|
2005
|
Casanova
|
Pucci
|
|
2005
|
Elizabeth I
|
Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester
|
TV mini-series
|
2005
|
Once Upon a Halloween
|
Cauldron (voice)
|
Video
|
2006
|
Inland Empire
|
Kingsley Stewart
|
|
2006
|
Eragon
|
Brom
|
|
2008
|
Colour of Magic, TheThe Colour of Magic
|
Havelock Vetinari
|
TV film
|
2008
|
Appaloosa
|
Randall Bragg
|
|
2009
|
The Magic 7
|
Thraxx (voice)
|
TV film
|
2009
|
Pink Panther 2, TheThe Pink Panther 2
|
Alonso Avellaneda
|
|
2009
|
Alfred Stieglitz
|
TV film
|
2011
|
Margin Call
|
John Tuld
|
|
2011
|
The Last Lions
|
Narrator
|
|
2011
|
Law & Order: Special Victims Unit
|
Dr. Cap Jackson
|
TV series (2 episodes)
|
2011–2013
|
Borgias, TheThe Borgias
|
Rodrigo Borgia
|
TV series (29 episodes)
|
2012
|
The Words
|
The Old Man
|
|
2012
|
Trashed
|
Himself
|
|
2012
|
The Simpsons
|
Bar Rag (voice)
|
TV series (1 episode: "Moe Goes from Rags to Riches")
|
2012
|
Henry IV Part I and Part II
|
Henry IV
|
|
2013
|
Life on Fire
|
Narrator
|
TV documentary series (6 episodes)
|
2013
|
Night Train to Lisbon
|
Raimund Gregorius
|
|
2013
|
Beautiful Creatures
|
Macon Ravenwood
|
|
2015
|
High Rise
|
Anthony Royal
|
|
2016
|
Race
|
Avery Brundage
|
Filming
|
2016
|
Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice
|
Alfred Pennyworth
|
Filming
|
Awards and nominations
References
-
^ a b c d "Jeremy Irons Biography (1948–)". Filmreference.com. Retrieved 14 June 2012.
-
^ "WDYTYA? Series Three: Celebrity Gallery". BBC.co.uk. Retrieved 14 June 2012.
-
^ Stanley Green's Encyclopaedia of the Musical, Cassell (1976)
-
^ Hoggard, Liz (30 September 2006). "Jeremy Irons: The fire in irons". The Independent (London). Retrieved 6 May 2010.
-
^ "BBC One Fall 2006". www.bbc.co.uk (Press release). Retrieved 18 July 2006.
-
^ Lifetime to Paint Bio of Georgia O'Keeffe" TV Guide. 6 November 2008. Retrieved on 7 November 2008.
-
^ "SVU Scoop: Oscar Winner Jeremy Irons to Guest-Star". TVGuide.com. Retrieved 3 December 2010.
-
^ "Jeremy Irons on Playing the Pope for 'The Borgias' & the Trouble With Wearing Pants (VIDEO)".
-
^ Kay, Jeremy (25 January 2011). "Margin Call is a fine crash movie, but no banker". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 24 February 2011.
-
^ Giroux, Jack (12 July 2012). "'"A Possibly Retiring Thomas Jane Adds Nick Nolte and Jeremy Irons to His 'A Magnificent Death From a Shattered Hand. Film School Rejects.
-
^ "Jesse Eisenberg and Jeremy Irons Join the Cast of Warner Bros. Pictures’ Untitled Superman/Batman Film from Director Zack Snyder".
-
^ Trowbridge, Simon. The Company: A Biographical Dictionary of the Royal Shakespeare Company, Oxford: Editions Albert Creed (2010) ISBN 978-0-9559830-2-3
-
^ "The Company: A Biographical Dictionary of the RSC: Supplementary Material". Stratfordians.org.uk. Retrieved 14 June 2012.
-
^ Thaxter, John (6 March 2006). "The Stage review of ''Embers''". Thestage.co.uk. Retrieved 14 June 2012.
-
^ Lalayn Baluch (16 January 2008). "The Stage / News / Irons to play Harold Macmillian in National debut". Thestage.co.uk. Retrieved 14 June 2012.
-
^ "Productions : Never So Good". National Theatre. Retrieved 14 June 2012.
-
^ a b "Impressionism." New York Times. Accessed 8 April 2009.
-
^ "Jeremy Irons contributes to new Oscar Wilde audio CD".
-
^ "The Royal Theatrical Fund – Helping and Supporting Theatrical Artists, Stage Actors, Television Actors, Film Actors and associated professions". Trtf.com. Retrieved 22 February 2011.
-
^ Eye of the Leopard at the Internet Movie Database
-
^ "The Last Lions – Official Movie Site – National Geographic Movies". Movies.nationalgeographic.com. Retrieved 22 February 2011.
-
^ "Touchstone – Wintercoast 2009". www.touchstonemusic.co.uk (Press release). Retrieved 28 March 2009.
-
^ Lipworth, Elaine (14 May 2005). "King of all his castles".
-
^ Doyle, Andrew. "The best of Jeremy Irons in Limerick". Limerick.Today.ie.
-
^ "de beste bron van informatie over chiltern shakespeare. Deze website is te koop!". chiltern-shakespeare.org. Retrieved 22 February 2011.
-
^ "Jeremy Irons honoured by UCD Law Society". University College Dublin (Dublin). 11 September 2008. Retrieved 13 May 2012.
-
^ "Jeremy Irons at UCD". YouTube (Dublin). Retrieved 13 May 2012.
-
^ "Jeremy Irons receives honorary degree". Southampton Solent University. 2008. Retrieved 23 February 2013.
-
^ "World Aids Day". www.worldaidsday.org. Retrieved 1 December 2007.
-
^ Wrench, Nigel (7 November 2003). "Why a Red Ribbon means Aids". www.bbb.co.uk. Retrieved 21 April 2007.
-
^ "Prison Phoenix Trust". www.prisonphoenixtrust.org.uk. Retrieved 10 November 2006.
-
^ "Evidence for Development - Jeremy Irons". www.evidencefordevelopment.org. Retrieved 4 March 2012.
-
^ "Jeremy Irons supports Evidence for Development". www.youtube.com. Retrieved 4 March 2012.
-
^ "Sign the petition to end hunger now". YouTube. Retrieved 22 February 2011.
-
^ 1billionhungry.org
-
^ "1billionhungry.org". Retrieved 22 February 2011.
-
^ "Sahaya Going Beyond". www.sahayagoingbeyond.org. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
-
^ Luvvies' for Labour"'". BBC News. 30 August 1998. Retrieved 6 May 2010.
-
^ Adams, Guy (1 December 2004). "Irons to lead the field in battle against hunting ban". London:
-
^ Shea, Danny (3 April 2013). "Jeremy Irons On Gay Marriage: 'Could A Father Not Marry His Son?' (VIDEO)". www.huffingtonpost.com. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
-
^ "Jeremy Iron's bizarre objection to gay marriage". The Guardian (London). 5 April 2013.
-
^ "Jeremy Irons clarifies gay marriage comments". 3 News NZ. 8 April 2013.
-
^ Jane Cassidy (15 June 2011). "Lobby Watch: The College of Medicine". British Medical Journal 343.
External links
|
|
1947–1960
|
|
|
1961–1980
|
|
|
1981–2000
|
|
|
2001–2020
|
|
|
Awards for Jeremy Irons
|
|
|
|
1928–1940
|
|
|
1941–1960
|
|
|
1961–1980
|
|
|
1981–2000
|
|
|
2001–present
|
|
|
|
|
1980-1989
|
|
|
1990-1999
|
|
|
2000-2009
|
|
|
2010-present
|
|
|
|
|
1935–1955
|
|
|
1956–1976
|
|
|
1977–1997
|
|
|
1998–present
|
|
|
|
|
1943–1960
|
|
|
1961–1980
|
|
|
1981–2000
|
|
|
2001–present
|
|
|
|
|
1966-1980
|
|
|
1981-2000
|
|
|
2001-present
|
|
|
|
|
1935–1940
|
|
|
1941–1960
|
|
|
1961–1980
|
|
|
1981–2000
|
|
|
2001–present
|
|
|
|
|
This article was sourced from Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. World Heritage Encyclopedia content is assembled from numerous content providers, Open Access Publishing, and in compliance with The Fair Access to Science and Technology Research Act (FASTR), Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., Public Library of Science, The Encyclopedia of Life, Open Book Publishers (OBP), PubMed, U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, and USA.gov, which sources content from all federal, state, local, tribal, and territorial government publication portals (.gov, .mil, .edu). Funding for USA.gov and content contributors is made possible from the U.S. Congress, E-Government Act of 2002.
Crowd sourced content that is contributed to World Heritage Encyclopedia is peer reviewed and edited by our editorial staff to ensure quality scholarly research articles.
By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. World Heritage Encyclopedia™ is a registered trademark of the World Public Library Association, a non-profit organization.