List of Mongol states

This is a list of Mongol states. The Mongols are responsible for establishing many states such as the vast Mongol Empire and its descendants. The list of states is chronological but follows the development of different dynasties.

Pre-modern states

Name	Years	Area	Map	Capital
Khanates in the 10th-12th centuries
Khamag Mongol Khanate	10th century–1206
Khereid Khanate	10th century–1203
Merkit Khanate	11th–mid 12 century
Naiman Khanate	–1204
Tatar Khanate	6th—10th century/(9th – mid 12th century?)
Mongol Empire and Yuan dynasty
Mongol Empire	1206–1368	33,000,000 km2[1][2]		Avarga (1206–35) Karakorum (1235–60) Khanbaliq (1260–1368)
Yuan dynasty	1271-1368	14,000,000 km2(1310)[3]		Khanbaliq (Dadu, Beijing)
Golden Horde
Golden Horde	1240–1502	6,000,000 km2(1310)[1]		Sarai Batu
Great Horde	1466–1502
Chagatai Khanate
Chagatai Khanate	1225–1340s	3,500,000 km2(1310)[1][3]		Almaliq Qarshi
Western Chagatai Khanate	1340s–1370
Moghulistan	1340–1462
Kara Del Khanate	1383–1513
Ilkhanate
Ilkhanate	1256–1335	3,750,000 km2 [1][3]		Maragha (1256–1265) Tabriz (1265–1306) Soltaniyeh (1306–1335)
Chobanids	1335–1357			Tabriz
Injuids	1335–1357			Baghdad (Till 1411) Basra (1411–1432)
Jalayirid Sultanate	1335–1432			Baghdad (Till 1411) Basra (1411–1432)
Arghun dynasty	1479?–1599?
Genghisid Northern Yuan dynasty
Northern Yuan dynasty	1368–1691	5,000,000 km2(1550)[3]		Shangdu (1368–69) Yingchang (1369–70) Karakorum (1371–88)
Khotogoid Khanate (subject of the Northern Yuan)	late 16th – late 17th century			in Mongolia
Oirats - Non-Genghisid states
Four Oirat	1399–1634	1,000,000 km2 (15th - late 16th) ~1,600,000 km2 (early 17th century)
Dzungar Khanate	1634–1758	3,500,000—4,000,000 km2
Khoshut Khanate	1642?–1717	~1,400,000 km2
Kalmyk Khanate	1630–1771
Timurid states (Persianate Turco-Mongol states)
Timurid Empire	1370–1507	4,400,000 km2 (1405)		Samarkand (1370–1505) Herat(1505–1507)
Mughal Empire	1526–1857	3,200,000 km2 (1700)		Agra (1526–1571) Fatehpur Sikri (1571–1585) Lahore (1585–1598) Agra (1598–1648) Shahjahanabad/Delhi (1648–1857)

Modern states

Name	Years	Area	Map	Capital
Balagad state (Buryats)	1919–1926[4][5][6][7]			In Kizhinginsky District, Buryatia
Republic of Oirat-Kalmyk	1930	Kalmykia
Republic of Southern Mongolia	1945			In Inner Mongolia
State of Mongolia (Bogd Khaganate)	1911-1924			Ikh Khuree (Ulaanbaatar)
People's Republic of Mongolia	1924-1992			Ulaanbaatar
Mongolia	1992–present	1,564,115.75 km2

Autonomous areas

In Russia

Name	Years	Capital	Area	Map
State of Buryat-Mongolia	1917–1921	Chita
Mongol-Buryat Autonomous Oblast	1922–1923
Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Oblast	1921–1923
Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	1923–1958	Ulan-Ude
Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	1958–1992
Republic of Buryatia	1992–present		351,300 km2
Agin Buryat-Mongol National Okrug	1937–1958	Aginskoye
Agin-Buryat National Okrug	1958–1977
Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug	1977–2008		9,6002
Ust-Orda Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Okrug	1937–1958	Ust-Ordynsky
Ust-Orda Buryat National Okrug	1958–1978
Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug	1978–2008		22,1382
Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast	1920–1935 1957–1958	Astrakhan (till 1928) Elista
Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	1935–1943 1958–1990	Elista
Kalmyk Soviet Socialist Republic	1990–1992
Kalmyk Republic-Halmg-Tangch	1992–1994
Kalmyk Republic	1994–present		76,100 km2

In China

Name	Years	Capital	Area	Map
Mengjiang state	1936–1945	Kalgan (Khaalgan)
Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region	1947–present	Huhhot	1,183,000 km2
Gansu Province
Subei Mongol Autonomous County
Hebei Province
Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County
Heilongjiang Province
Dorbod Mongol Autonomous County
Jilin Province
Qian Gorlos Mongol Autonomous County
Liaoning Province
Harqin Left Mongol Autonomous County
Fuxin Mongol Autonomous County
Qinghai Province
Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Henan Mongol Autonomous County
Xinjiang Province
Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture		Korla	462,700 km2
Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture		Bortala (Bortal)
Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County		Hoboksar (Khovogsair)

See also

Maps

• Xiongnu, in 205 BCE

• Xianbei state under Tanshihuai (141–181)

• Rouran Khaganate c. 500

• Rouran Khaganate, Northern Wei, Tuyuhun Kingdom, Southern Liang, Later Yan, Yueban and Northern Liang, 400 AD

• Rouran, Northern Wei, Tuyuhun Kingdom, 500 AD

• Tuyuhun Kingdom, Northern Zhou, Khitans and Tatabi people, 565 AD

• Liao dynasty c. 1000

• Qara Khitai (1124–1218)

• Mongol Empire in 1227

• Mongol Empire

• The Dzungar Khanate (c. 1750) (in blue line)

• A map of the Dzungar Khanate, by a Swedish officer in captivity there in 1716-1733, which include the region known today as Zhetysu

• The Dzungar Khanate (a fragment of the map of Russian Empire of Peter The Great, that was created by a Sweden soldier in c. 1725)

• This map fragment shows territories of the Dzungar Khanate as in 1706. (Map Collection of the Library of Congress: "Carte de Tartarie" of Guillaume de L'Isle (1675-1726))

• Mongolia

• Mongolia

References

Bibliography

• Weiers, Michael (ed.) (1986): Die Mongolen. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
• Dughlát Muhammad Haidar, Norbert Elias, Edward Denison Ross - The Tarikh-i-rashidi
• Henry Hoyle Howorth-History of the Mongols
• Herbert Franke, Denis Twitchett, John King Fairbank -The Cambridge History of China: Alien regimes and border states, 907–1368
• William Bayne Fisher, Peter Jackson, Laurence Lockhart, J. A. Boyle -The Cambridge history of Iran, 5
• Konstantin Nikolaevich Maksimov - Kalmykia in Russia's past and present national policies and administrative system