List of vegetarians

This is a list of notable people who have adhered to a vegetarian diet at some point during their life. In the cases where a person's vegetarian status is disputed or they no longer adhere to a vegetarian diet, this is noted next to their entry as disputed or former.

Mohandas Gandhi Jane Goodall, a British primatologist Voltaire, French philosopher.[1] Christine Lagarde Paul McCartney Martina Navratilova, a Czech American tennis player Surya Bonaly, a French professional figure skater Lo Wing-lok, Hong Kong doctor and politician Adolf Hitler, German politician Forest Whitaker, an Academy Award winning American actor Natalie Portman, an American-Israeli actress Gustav Struve, a German revolutionary Pythagoras of Samos, a Greek philosopher credited with the discovery of Pythagoras' theorem Shania Twain, a Canadian singer George Bernard Shaw, an Irish playwright Kate Bush, a British singer-songwriter Leo Tolstoy, a Russian novelist Sharon den Adel, a Dutch singer Herschel Walker, an American football player Nicolette Kluijver, a Dutch television presenter Georgina Verbaan, a Dutch actress Abraham Isaac Kook, the first Ashkenazi chief rabbi of the British Mandate for Palestine, born in Latvia Anni-Frid Lyngstad, a Norwegian singer and member of Swedish pop group ABBA Frederik van Eeden, a Dutch writer and psychiatrist Julie Christie, a British actress Francisco van Jole, a Dutch journalist Isadora Duncan, an American dancer often credited as the creator of modern dance Jaime de Magalhães Lima, a Portuguese writer and Tolstoyan Leona Lewis, a British singer and winner of the third series of The X Factor Amílcar de Sousa, a Portuguese physician, president of the first Portuguese vegetarian society Mojo Mathers, a New Zealand politician Antoni Gaudí, a Spanish Catalan architect Shanna Moakler, an American model crowned Miss USA 1995 and Playboy Playmate in 2001 John Chrysostom, Archbishop of Constantinople, an important Early Church Father Lord Byron, a British poet Esther Ouwehand, a Dutch politician Dick Gregory, an American comedian John Harvey Kellogg, an American doctor, best known as the inventor of corn flakes Gabe Saporta, a Uruguayan musician, lead singer of the synthpop band Cobra Starship José Mujica, President of Uruguay since 2010 Yasmien Kurdi, Filipino singer, songwriter and actress Faye Wong, Chinese singer

Vegetarians

A–F

Name	Occupation	Country	Source
Scott Adams	Author	United States	[2]
Sharon den Adel	Musician	Netherlands	[3]
Shmuel Yosef Agnon	Writer	Israel	[4](pp171–172)
Dianna Agron	Actress	United States	[5][6]
eden ahbez	Musician	United States	[7](p171)[8][9]
Damon Albarn	Musician	United Kingdom	[10]
William Andrus Alcott	Physician	United States	[7](pp34–44)[11]
Quinn Allman	Musician,	United States	[12]
Lauren Anderson	Model	United States	[13]
Apollonius of Tyana	Philosopher	Greece	[14](pp30–35)
Christina Applegate	Actress	United States	[15][16]
Johnny Appleseed	Nurseryman	United States	[7](pp6–7)[17][18](pp184–186,307–310)
Richard Ashcroft	Musician	United Kingdom	[19]
Joan Armatrading	Musician	United Kingdom	[20]
Nadja Auermann	Model and actress	Germany	[21][22]
Thaila Ayala	Actress,	Brazil	[23]
Amitabh Bachchan	Actor	India	[24]
Bae Jong-ok	Actress	South Korea	[25]
Nic Balthazar	Film director	Belgium	[26]
Arnaldo Baptista	Musician	Brazil	[27]
Bob Barker	Game show host	United States	[28]
Basil of Caesarea	Bishop	Turkey	[29](pp159–160)[30](p78)
Rabia Basri	mystic	Iraq	[31][32]
Jeff Beck	Musician	United Kingdom	[33]
Conrad Beissel	Religious leader	Germany	[7](p3)
Raja Bell	Sportsman	United States	[34]
Lexi Belle	Actress	United States	[35]
Hilary Benn	Politician	United Kingdom	[36]
J. D. Beresford	Novelist	United Kingdom	[37]
Elizabeth Berkley	Actress	United States	[38]
Annie Besant	Writer	United Kingdom	[39](pp99–107)
Traci Bingham	Actress	United States	[40]
Barry Black	clergyman	United States	[41][42]
Pippa Black	Actress	Australia	[43]
Kees Boeke	Missionary	Netherlands	[44](p240)
Michael Bolton	Musician	United States	[45]
Surya Bonaly	skater	France	[46]
Cory Booker	Politician	United States	[47][48]
Bramwell Booth	Chief of the Staff & General of The Salvation Army	United Kingdom	[49]
Magnus Børmark	Musician	Norway	[50]
Wouter Bos	Politician	Netherlands	[nb 1]
Jacques Boyer	Professional bicycle racer	United States	[52]
Claudia de Breij	Comedian	Netherlands	[nb 2]
Eva Briegel	Singer	Germany	[54]
Christie Brinkley	Model	United States	[55]
Saint John de Brito	Missionary	Portugal	[29](p198)[56](pp28–29, 203)[56](pp295–300)[56](pp350–358)
Peter Brock	Motor racing driver	Australia	[57]
Fenner Brockway	Politician	United Kingdom	[58][59]
Luitzen E.J. Brouwer	Mathematician	Netherlands	[44](p236)
Chris Browne	Cartoonist	United States	[60]
Gautama Buddha	Spiritual teacher	Nepal	[31][39](pp11–88)[61](pp21–23)[62](pp17–21)[63](pp50–57)[nb 3]
Kathalijne Buitenweg	Politician	Netherlands	[64]
Enrique Bunbury	Musician	Spain	[65]
Peter Burwash	Tennis player	Canada	[66]
Kate Bush	Musician	United Kingdom	[67]
Lauren Bush	Model, Designer	United States	[68][69][70][71]
Julia Carling	Journalist	United Kingdom	[72]
Edward Carpenter	Poet	United Kingdom	[62](pp79–80)[73](pp256–266,276)
Ben Carson	Neurosurgeon	United States	[74]
Paul Carton	Physician	France	[75]
Dan Castellaneta	Voice actor	United States	[76]
Saint Catherine of Siena	Theologian	Italy	[29](pp167–168)[30](p89)
Stephen Chan Chi Wan	Businessman	Hong Kong	[77]
Jacky Cheung	Singer	Hong Kong	[78]
Sri Chinmoy	Poet	India	[79]
Michael Guy Chislett	Musician	Australia	[80]
Julie Christie	Actress	United Kingdom	[81][82]
Saint John Chrysostom	Early Church Father	Turkey	[30](p79)[73](p124)
Alexa Chung	Television presenter	United Kingdom	[83]
Daniël de Clercq	Socialist	Netherlands	[84]
Sue Coe	Artist	United Kingdom	[85]
J. M. Coetzee	Writer	South Africa	[86](pp63–65)[87]
Rabbi David Cohen	Rabbi	Israel	[4](p172)[88]
She'ar Yashuv Cohen	Rabbi	Israel	[4](pp172–173)[88]
Phil Collen	Musician	England	[89]
John Coltrane	Musician	United States	[90]
Pat Condell	Writer	United Kingdom	[nb 4]
Confucius	Philosopher	China	[92][93]
Jeremy Corbyn	Politician	United Kingdom	[94]
Abbie Cornish	Actress	Australia	[95]
Hugo Brandt Corstius	Author	Netherlands	[96]
Elvis Costello	Musician	United Kingdom	[97]
Roger Crab	Haberdasher	United Kingdom	[98](pp26–38)
Stafford Cripps	Politician	United Kingdom	[99][100]
Ernest Howard Crosby	writer	United States	[7](pp143–147)
Rivers Cuomo	Musician	United States	[101]
Peter Cushing	Actor	United Kingdom	[102]
Chuck D	Rapper	United States	[103][104]
Thomas D.	Rapper	Germany	[105]
Eugen d'Albert	Musician	Germany	[nb 5]
Jeru the Damaja	Rapper	United States	[107]
Georg Friedrich Daumer	Poet	Germany	[108](pp282–286)
Leonardo da Vinci	Polymath	Republic of Florence	[109]
Morarji Desai	Politician	India	[110]
Floortje Dessing	Presenter	Netherlands	[111]
Peter Dinklage	Actor	United States	[112]
Mike Dirnt	Musician	United States	[113]
Eliza Doolittle	Musician	United Kingdom	[114][115][116]
David D'Or	Musician	Israel	[117]
Pia Douwes	Actress	Netherlands	[53]
Muriel Dowding, Baroness Dowding	Animal rights activist	United Kingdom	[118](pp137–151)
Anna Drijver	Model	Netherlands	[119]
Michael Clarke Duncan	Actor	United States	[120]
Isadora Duncan	Dancer	United States	[121]
Frederik van Eeden	Writer	Netherlands	[122]
Greg Egan	Writer	Australia	[123]
Michael Eisner	Businessman	United States	[124]
Empedocles	Philosopher	Greece	[14](pp30–32)[30](pp41–42)[73](pp64–66)
Guy Endore	Writer	United States	[125]
Selma Ergeç	Actress	Turkey	[126]
Kevin Eubanks	Musician	United States	[127]
Joshua Evans	Quaker minister	United States	[128](p40)[7](p7)
Henri W.PH.E. van den Bergh van Eysinga	Writer	Netherlands	[44](p228)
Corey Feldman	Actor	United States	[129]
Marty Feldman	Comedian	England	[130]
Adam Ferguson	Philosopher	United Kingdom	[108](p208)[131](pp204–206)
Vanessa Ferlito	Actress	United States	[132]
Marsilio Ficino	Philosopher	Italy	[133]
Doug Fieger	Musician	United States	[134]
Jon Fitch	Mixed martial artist	United States	[135]
Jerome Flynn	Actor	United Kingdom	[136]
Jonathan Safran Foer	Writer	United States	[137]
Alina Foley	Actress	United States	[138]
Desmond Ford	Evangelical Christian	Australia	[139][140]
Thomas Ignatius Maria Forster	Astronomer	United Kingdom	[98](pp374–375)
J. D. Fortune	Musician	Canada	[141]
Jorja Fox	Actress	United States	[142][143]
Sage Francis	Rapper	United States	[144]
Saint Francis of Paola	Mendicant friar	Italy	[29](p146)
Martin Freeman	Actor	United Kingdom	[145]
Sadie Frost	Actress	United Kingdom	[146]

G–L

Name	Occupation	Country	Source
Gaahl	Musician	Norway	[147]
Mohandas Gandhi	Spiritual leader and politician	India	[148](p.xii)[149]
Gao Yuanyuan	Actress	China	[150]
Antoni Gaudí	Architect	Spain	[151]
John Gay	Poet and dramatist	United Kingdom	[108](pp115–119)
Don Gerritsen	United Nations Representative	Netherlands	[152]
Philip Glass	Composer	United States	[153]
Bobcat Goldthwait	Comedian	United States	[154]
Lewis Gompertz	Animal rights advocate	United Kingdom	[155]
Jane Goodall	Primatologist	United Kingdom	[156]
João Gordo	Singer-songwriter	Brazil	[157]
Shlomo Goren	Rabbi	Israel	[4](pp104,173–174)[88]
Dave Gorman	Author, comedian	United Kingdom	[158]
Angela Gossow	Singer-songwriter	Germany	[159][160]
Lawrence Gowan	Musician	Canada	[161]
Sylvester Graham	Dietary reformer	United States	[7](pp15–70)[39](pp141–148)
Percy Grainger	Musician	Australia	[162](pp78–79)
Dion Graus	Politician	Netherlands	[163]
Anthony the Great	Christian saint	Egypt	[29](pp22–23)[nb 6]
Ashoka the Great	Emperor	India	[14](pp75–77)[39] (pp14–15)[61](pp22–23)[62](pp19–20)[63](pp55–57)
Dick Gregory	Comedian	United States	[39](pp215–218)
Amanda Griffin	Model	Philippines	[165]
Angela Groothuizen	Singer	Netherlands	[166]
Benjamin Grosvenor	Musician	United Kingdom	[167]
Chin Chin Gutierrez	Actress	Philippines	[168]
GZA	Rapper	United States	[169]
Ha Okio	Musician	Vietnam	[170]
Alexander Hacke	Musician	Germany	[171]
Nina Hagen	Singer and Actress	Germany	[172]
Sarah Jane Hamilton	Pornographic actress	United Kingdom	[173]
Otoman Zar-Adusht Ha'nish	Spiritual leader	United States	[174]
Neil Harbisson	Cyborg	United Kingdom	[175]
George Harrison	Musician	United Kingdom	[176]
Lenie 't Hart	Animal rights activist	Netherlands	[177]
Maarten 't Hart	Biologist	Netherlands	[nb 7]
David Hartley	Philosopher	United Kingdom	[179](pp207–209)[nb 8]
Juliana Hatfield	Musician	United States	[181]
Sadeq Hedayat	Writer	Iran	[182]
Martin van Hees	Philosopher	Netherlands	[183][184]
Maximiliano Hernández Martínez	Politician	El Salvador	[185]
Hesiod	Oral poet	Greece	[186]
Rudolf Hess	Politician	Germany	[187]
Missy Higgins	Singer-songwriter	Australia	[188][189]
Saint Hilarion	Anchorite	Egypt	[29](pp24–25)
Susumu Hirasawa	Musician	Japan	[190]
Adolf Hitler	Politician	Germany	[191][192][193][194][nb 9]
Isa Hoes	Actress	Netherlands	[111]
Amanda Holden	Actress and television presenter	United Kingdom	[198]
Jens Holm	Politician	Sweden	[199]
Henriette Roland Holst	Poet	Netherlands	[44](p230)
John Howard	Prison reformer	United Kingdom	[200]
Barbie Hsu	Actress and singer	Taiwan	[77]
Henny Huisman	Television presenter	Netherlands	[201]
Aldous Huxley	Writer	United Kingdom	[202]
Iamblichus	Philosopher	Syria	[203]
Frank Iero	Musician	United States	[204]
Michael Imperioli	Actor	United States	[205]
Ewout Irrgang	Politician	Netherlands	[206]
Susan Saint James	Actress	United States	[118](pp47–58)
Reid Jamieson	Singer-songwriter	Canada	[207]
Jim Jarmusch	Film director	USA	[208]
JeA	Singer	South Korea	[209][210][211]
Joan Jett	Singer-songwriter	United States	[212]
Éder Jofre	Boxer	Brazil	[213]
James Johnston	Politician	United Kingdom	[214]
Watkin Tudor Jones	Musician	South Africa	[215]
Juanes	Singer-songwriter	Colombia	[216]
Kabīr	Poet	India	[14](pp47–49)
Alter Kacyzne	Photo-journalist	Lithuania	[4](p171)
Franz Kafka	Novelist	Austria	[217]
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam	Scientist, Teacher, Poet, former President of India	India	[218]
Antonie Kamerling	Actor	Netherlands	[219]
Shahid Kapoor	Actor	India	[220]
Bill Kaulitz	Singer	Germany	[221]
Matt Kean	Musician	United Kingdom	[222][223]
John Harvey Kellogg	Physician	United States	[39](pp149–158)
Kenney, MatthewMatthew Kenney	Chef	United States	[224]
Kesha	Singer-songwriter	United States	[225]
Masta Killa	Rapper	United States	[226]
Kim Hyo-jin	Actress	South Korea	[25]
Anna Bonus Kingsford	Magazine editor	United Kingdom	[108](pp374–383)[227]
Bep van Klaveren	Boxer	Netherlands	[44](p103)[228]
Marcela Kloosterboer	Actress	Argentina	[229]
Nicolette Kluijver	Television presenter and model	Netherlands	[111]
Niko Koffeman	Politician	Netherlands	[nb 10]
Martine Wittop Koning	Writer	Netherlands	[44](p231)[231]
Abraham Isaac Kook	Rabbi	Latvia	[4](p175)[14](pp118–121)[88]
Kim van Kooten	Actress and screenwriter	Netherlands	[219]
k-os	Rapper	Canada	[232][233]
Killer Kowalski	Wrestler	Canada	[39](pp231–236)
Jiddu Krishnamurti	Writer and public-speaker	India	[234]
Liv Kristine	Singer-songwriter	Norway	[235]
KRS-One	Rapper	United States	[236]
Alexander Krull	Singer	Germany	[235]
Attje Kuiken	Politician	Netherlands	[237]
Sushil Kumar	Wrestler	India	[238]
František Kupka	Artist	Czechoslovakia	[nb 11][nb 12]
Yasmien Kurdi	Singer	Philippines	[165]
Haldor Lægreid	Singer	Norway	[241]
Mon Laferte	Singer-songwriter	Chile	[242]
Bonnie-Jill Laflin	Model and television personality	United States	[243]
Christine Lagarde	Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund	France	[244]
Alphonse de Lamartine	Writer, poet and politician	France	[nb 13][nb 14]
Benjamin Lay	Abolitionist	United States	[246]
Cloris Leachman	Actress	United States	[247]
Charles Webster Leadbeater	Author	United Kingdom	[248]
Lee Ha-nui	Beauty pageant titleholder	South Korea	[25][249][250]
Rita Lee	Singer-songwriter	Brazil	[251]
Nikolai Leskov	Writer	Russia	[252]
Leona Lewis	Singer	United Kingdom	[253][254][255]
Jimmy Liao	Picture book illustrator	Taiwan	[77]
Bart de Ligt	Anarcho-pacifist and antimilitarist	Netherlands	[44](p239)
Jan Ligthart	Teacher	Netherlands	[44](p220)
Jack Lindsay	Writer	Australia	[162](p77)
Richard Linklater	Film director	United States	[256][257][258]
Tzipi Livni	Politician	Israel	[259]
Eneko Llanos	Athlete	Spain	[260]
Michael Locher	Musician	Switzerland	[261]
Claire Loewenfeld	Nutritionist and herbalist	Germany	[262]
Lisa Lopes	Rapper	United States	[263]
César "Vampiro" López	Musician	Mexico	[264]
Arjen Lucassen	Singer-songwriter	Netherlands	[265]
Lo Wing-lok	Physician and politician	Hong Kong	[77]
Lu You	Poet	China	[266]
Joanna Lumley	Actress	United Kingdom	[267]
Anni-Frid Lyngstad	Singer	Norway	[50]

M–R

Name	Occupation	Country	Source
Grant MacEwan	Professor and politician	Canada	[268]
Francisco Madero	Politician, writer and revolutionary	Mexico	[269]
R. Madhavan	Actor, writer, producer, television presenter	India	[270]
Jamby Madrigal	Politician	Philippines	[165]
Tobey Maguire	Actor, producer	United States	[271][272][273]
Mahavira	Sage who established tenets of Jainism	India	[39](pp19–28)
Gustav Mahler	Composer and one of the leading conductors of his generation	Austria-Hungary	[nb 15][nb 16]
Jaime de Magalhães Lima	Thinker, poet, essayist, literary critic, promoter of vegetarianism	Portugal	[nb 17]
Andrius Mamontovas	Musician, Songwriter, record producer, actor	Lithuania	[277][278]
Method Man	Hip hop artist, record producer, actor, member of the Wu-Tang Clan	United States	[279]
João Manzarra	Television host	Portugal	[280]
Bob Marley	Singer songwriter, guitarist	Jamaica	[281]
Jodie Marsh	Media personality, glamour model	United Kingdom	[282]
Ricky Martin	Singer songwriter, actor	Puerto Rico	[283]
Doug Martsch	Musician, member of Built to Spill	United States	[284]
Scott Maslen	Actor, model	United Kingdom	[285]
Mojo Mathers	Politician, member of the New Zealand House of Representatives	New Zealand	[286]
Brian May	Musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, astrophysicist, author, contributor	England	[287]
Alicia Mayer	Actress, Comedian	Philippines	[288]
Colman McCarthy	Journalist, teacher, lecturer, peace activist	United States	[7](pp206–207)
Paul McCartney	Musician, composer, producer, businessman, member of The Beatles	United Kingdom	[48][289][290][291][292]
Stella McCartney	Fashion designer	United Kingdom	[293]
Rue McClanahan	Actress, comedienne, author	United States	[294]
Patrick McDonnell	Illustrator, Creator of Mutts	United States	[295]
Jay McGuiness	Singer, member of the boy band The Wanted	United Kingdom	[114][115][116]
Edward McMillan-Scott	Member of the European Parliament	United Kingdom	[296]
Armin Meiwes	Convict who claims to be reformed and concerned about injustices	Germany	[297]
Luisa Mell	Actress and former presenter of the RedeTV! programme Late Show	Brazil	[298]
Natalie Merchant	Musician, Songwriter	United States	[299]
Narendra Modi	Prime Minister of India	India	[300]
Saint Angela de Merici	Religious leader and saint	Italy	[29](pp125–126)
Johan Messchaert	Singer and vocal pedagogue	Netherlands	[44](p219)
Lea Michele	Actress, singer	United States	[301]
Gabrielle Miller	Actress	Canada	[302]
Crispian Mills	Musician, songwriter, film director	United Kingdom	[303]
Hayley Mills	Actress, singer	United Kingdom	[304]
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola	Renaissance philosopher	Italy	[305]
Shanna Moakler	Actress, Model, Reality television celebrity	United States	[306]
Elizabeth Maria Molteno	Suffragist and civil rights activist	South Africa	[307]
Sophie Monk	Singer, songwriter, actress, model	Australia	[308]
Théodore Monod	Naturalist, explorer, and humanist scholar	France	[309]
Jenna Morasca	Actress, swimsuit model, winner of Survivor: The Amazon	United States	[310]
Edwin Moses	Former American track and field athlete	United States	[311]
Malcolm Muggeridge	Journalist, author, satirist	United Kingdom	[39](pp243–250)
Bawa Muhaiyaddeen	Saintly Tamil-speaking teacher and Sufi mystic from the island of Sri Lanka	Sri Lanka	[14](p175)
José Mujica	President of Uruguay	Uruguay	[312]
Lillian Müller	Model and an actress in motion pictures and television	Norway	[50]
Desidério Murcho	Philosopher, professor, and writer	Portugal	[nb 18]
Stuart Murdoch	Musician, member of indie pop band Belle & Sebastian	United Kingdom	[314]
Cillian Murphy	Actor	Ireland	[315]
Keith Murray	Musician, member of indie rock band We Are Scientists	United States	[316]
Murs	Rapper	United States	[317]
Reuben D. Mussey	Medical doctor and an early opponent of tobacco	United States	[7](pp44–46)
Xavier Naidoo	Singer-songwriter, record producer	Germany	[318]
Andrew Napolitano	Senior Judicial Analyst for Fox News Channel, former host of Freedom Watch	United States	[319]
Martina Navratilova	Retired tennis player and a former World No. 1	Czech Republic	[nb 19]
Kevin Nealon	Actor and comedian	United States	[321]
Helen Nearing	Author and the second wife of Scott Nearing	United States	[322]
Philip Neri	Priest noted for founding the "Congregation of the Oratory"	Italy	[29](p152)[179](p153)
Jukka Nevalainen	Musician, member of Nightwish	Finland	[323]
Phil Neville	Footballer, played for Manchester United and Everton	England	[324]
Matt Nicholls	Musician, member of Bring Me the Horizon	United Kingdom	[222][223]
George Nicholson	Nationally known printer	United Kingdom	[325]
Jayde Nicole	Model	Canada	[326]
Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis	The Netherlands' first prominent socialist	Netherlands	[44](p214)
Roberto de Nobili	Jesuit missionary to Southern India	Italy	[327]
Krist Novoselic	Musician, songwriter, author, activist, Nirvana member	United States	[328]
Paavo Nurmi	World record setting Runner	Finland	[329]
Natasja Oerlemans	Politician, a prominent member of the Party for the Animals	Netherlands	[330]
José Oiticica	Poet, activist	Brazil	[331]
Margreth Olin	Film director and producer	Norway	[50]
Maria O'Neill	Writer, poet, journalist, spiritualist	Portugal	[332]
Felix Ortt	Philosopher	Netherlands	[44](p224)
Kelly Osbourne	Singer-songwriter, author, actress, television personality, radio personality, fashion designer	United Kingdom	[273]
Maja Ostaszewska	Actress	Poland	[333]
Carré Otis	Actress, model	United States	[334]
Esther Ouwehand	Politician, marketing manager	Netherlands	[nb 20]
Cem Özdemir	Politician	Germany	[336]
Walburga, Lady Paget	Diarist, writer and an intimate friend of Queen Victoria	Germany	[337]
Monty Panesar	Cricketer	United Kingdom	[338]
Alexandra Paul	Actress	United States	[339]
Kal Penn	Film and television actor, producer, and civil servant	United States	[340]
Isaac Leib Peretz	Yiddish language author and playwright	Poland	[4](p171)
Fiona Phillips	Television broadcaster	United Kingdom	[198]
Sir Richard Phillips	Schoolteacher, author and publisher	United Kingdom	[108](pp235–244)
Kellie Pickler	Singer-songwriter	United States	[105]
Plotinus	Major philosopher of the ancient world	Greece	[nb 21][342]
Plutarch	Biographer, essayist, priest, ambassador, magistrate	Greece	[343]
Henri Polak	Trade unionist and politician	Netherlands	[44](p229)
Alexander Pope	Poet	United Kingdom	[344]
Porphyry	Neoplatonic philosopher	Greece	[30](pp58–61)[61](pp37–38)
Martín de Porres	Lay brother of the Dominican Order	Peru	[29](p206)
John Cowper Powys	Novelist	United Kingdom	[345]
A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada	Gaudiya Vaishnava teacher, founder-acharya of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness	India	[14](pp56–60)[39](pp173–180)
Jimmy Pursey	Musician, record producer	United Kingdom	[346]
Pythagoras of Samos	Ionian Greek philosopher, mathematician, founder of Pythagoreanism	Greece	[31][347]
Maggie Q	Actress, model	United States	[348]
Srinivasa Ramanujan	Mathematician and autodidact	India	[349]
Guillaume Thomas François Raynal	Writer and man of letters during the Age of Enlightenment	France	[nb 22]
Jean Jacques Élisée Reclus	Geographer, anarchist revolutionary, and writer.	France	[62](pp88,105,173–176)
Redman	Rapper, record producer, actor	United States	[351]
Dimitri Reinderman	Chess Grandmaster with an Elo rating of 2542	Netherlands	[201]
Ilya Yefimovich Repin	Leading Russian painter and sculptor of the Peredvizhniki artistic school	Russia	[252][352](pp110–114)
Reshma	Renowned folk singer of Pakistan	Pakistan	[353]
Saint Richard of Chichester	Saint who was Bishop of Chichester	United Kingdom	[29](p191)[30](p81)
Joseph Ritson	Antiquary	United Kingdom	[108](pp185–190)
Reuven Rivlin	President of Israel	Israel	[354]
Alice Roberts	Anatomist, Paleopathologist, TV presenter	United Kingdom	[355]
Andy Robinson	English rugby union coach and retired player	United Kingdom	[356]
Fred Rogers	Educator, minister, songwriter, television host	United States	[357]
Huberto Rohden	Philosopher, educator, theologist, author, pioneer of transcendentalism	Brazil	[358]
Romain Rolland	Dramatist, Essayist, Art historian, Novelist	France	[359]
Marc van Roon	Jazz pianist	Netherlands	[360]
Xavier Rudd	Musician, singer-songwriter	Australia	[361][362][363]
RZA	Rapper, CEO, record producer, actor, screenwriter, author, director	United States	[364][365]

S–Z

Name	Occupation	Country	Source
Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre	Writer, botanist	France	[98](pp208–214)[108](pp173–176)
Henry Stephens Salt	Writer, teacher, social reformer	United Kingdom	[366]
Diederik Samsom	Politician	Netherlands	[367]
Rodrigo Santoro	Actor	Brazil	[368]
Gabe Saporta	Lead singer and primary creative force behind the synthpop band Cobra Starship	Uruguay	[204]
Judith Sargentini	GreenLeft politician	Netherlands	[369]
Martin Sastre	Artist, Filmmaker	Uruguay	[370]
Swami Satchidananda	Religious teacher, spiritual master and yoga adept	India	[371]
Kool Savas	German rapper	Germany	[318]
Nikolas Schiller	Blogger, prominent digital map artist in the blogosphere, civil rights activist	United States	[372]
Wim T. Schippers	Voice actor, producer, comedian	Netherlands	[64]
Loretta Schrijver	Television host	Netherlands	[nb 23]
Jason Schwartzman	Actor, musician	United States	[374]
Albert Schweitzer	Music, philanthropy, theology	Germany	[375]
Jenny Seagrove	Actress, political activist	United Kingdom	[376]
Virender Sehwag	One of the leading batsmen in the Indian cricket team	India	[377]
Sandra Seifert	Nurse, beauty pageant contestant, fashion model	Taiwan	[165]
Serenity	Erotic dancer and pornographic actress	United States	[378]
Christian Serratos	Actress	United States	[379]
Quintus Sextius	Philosopher, whose philosophy combined Pythagoreanism with Stoicism	Italy	[nb 24]
George Bernard Shaw	Playwright, critic, political activist	Ireland	[31][381]
Martin Shaw	Actor	United Kingdom	[382]
Percy Bysshe Shelley	Poet, dramatist, essayist, novelist	United Kingdom	[108](pp218–235)
Herbert Shelton	Alternative medicine advocate, author, pacifist	United States	[7](pp160–161)
Sheetal Sheth	Actress, producer	United States	[383]
Agostinho da Silva	Philosopher, essayist and writer	Portugal	[384]
Sarah Silverman	Comedienne, writer, actress, singer and musician	United States	[385]
Aaron Simpson	Mixed martial artist	United States	[135]
Isaac Bashevis Singer	Novelist, short story writer	United States	[39](pp237–242)[386][387][388]
Peter Singer	Moral philosopher	Australia	[389]
Fauja Singh	Centenarian marathon runner	India	[390][391]
Jon Skolmen	Actor and comedian	Norway	[241]
Song Il-gook	Actor	South Korea	[25]
Sotion	Neopythagorean philosopher	Greece	[392]
Amílcar de Sousa	Medical doctor, author, president of the first Portuguese vegetarian society	Portugal	[393]
Henry Spira	Widely regarded as one of the most effective animal rights activists of the 20th century	United States	[394]
Aad Stelylen	Former Dutch athlete, specialised in long distances	Netherlands	[44](p102)
Arran Stephens	Writer, Founder of Nature's Path Foods	Canada	[395]
Gruschenka Stevens	Actress and singer	Germany	[396]
Jon Stewart	TV Show Host	United States	[397]
Joss Stone	Singer-songwriter, actress	United Kingdom	[398][399][400]
Jan P. Strijbos	Naturalist, cineast, photographer, journalist, writer	Netherlands	[44](p242)
Gustav Struve	Politician	Germany	[108](pp271–281)
Ruben Studdard	Singer, actor	United States	[401]
Mark Suppelsa	Television anchor	United States	[402]
Oliver Sykes	Musician, member of Bring Me the Horizon	United Kingdom	[222][403]
Amber Tamblyn	Actress	United States	[404]
Serj Tankian	Musician, songwriter, record producer, poet, activist, System of a Down member	United States	[405]
Tarkan	Singer-songwriter, record producer, performer	Turkey	[406]
Tertullian	Prolific early Berber Christian author from Carthage in the Roman province of Africa	Roman Empire (Carthage)	[61](p53)[73](pp116–117)
Marianne Thieme	Politician, animal rights activist, author	Netherlands	[nb 25]
Maarten Tjallingii	Professional racing cyclist for UCI ProTeam LottoNL-Jumbo	Netherlands	[408]
Leo Tolstoy	Novelist, short story writer, playwright, essayist	Russia	[31][39](pp88–97)[409]
Peter Tosh	Musician, member of The Wailers	Jamaica	[410]
Paolo Troubetzkoy	Artist, sculptor	Russia	[nb 26]
Titia van der Tuuk	Author, feminist, pacifist, teacher	Netherlands	[44](p226)
Shania Twain	Singer-songwriter, television personality	Canada	[412][413]
Richard Ungewitter	Writer, pioneer of the German nudist movement	Germany	[98](pp436–437)
Mellie Uyldert	Writer, alternative healer, occultist and astrologer	Netherlands	[44](p246)
Pedro Valdjiu	Musician, member of Blasted Mechanism	Portugal	[414]
Yolandi Visser	Musician	South Africa	[215]
Eddie Vedder	Musician, songwriter, member of alternative rock band Pearl Jam	United States	[415]
Marly van der Velden	Actress	Netherlands	[nb 27]
Krista van Velzen	Politician	Netherlands	[64]
Milo Ventimiglia	Actor, director	United States	[417][418]
Georgina Verbaan	Actress, singer	Netherlands	[219]
Leon Verdonschot	Journalist, presenter, writer, radio producer, columnist	Netherlands	[201]
Umberto Veronesi	Surgeon and oncologist	Italy	[419]
Virgil	Poet	Italy	[31]
Swami Vivekananda	Chief disciple of the 19th-century saint Ramakrishna	India	[14](pp50–52)
Voltaire	Writer, philosopher, playwright	France	[420]
Marijke Vos	Politician	Netherlands	[64]
Vydūnas	Teacher, poet, humanist, philosopher and Lithuanian	Lithuania	[421]
Herschel Walker	Former American college and professional football player and a mixed martial artist	United States	[422]
David Wallechinsky	Author of many Olympic reference books and other reference books	United States	[39](pp219–224)
Bernard Weatherill	Politician, Speaker of the House of Commons	United Kingdom	[423]
Dennis Weaver	Actor	United States	[424]
John Wesley	Founder of Methodism	United Kingdom	[425]
Forest Whitaker	Actor, producer, director	United States	[426][427]
Ellen G. White	Author and Co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church	United States	[428]
Zara Whites	Former adult film actress	Netherlands	[nb 28]
Norbert Wiener	Mathematician, famous child prodigy, originator of cybernetics	United States	[430]
Faye Wong	recording artist, actress	China	[431][432]
S. Fowler Wright	Novelist	United Kingdom	[nb 29]
Esmé Wynne-Tyson	Actress and writer	United Kingdom	[39](pp167–171)
Shmuly Yanklowitz	modern Orthodox Rabbi, activist, educator, writer, motivational speaker, social entrepreneur, founder of Uri L'Tzedek	United States	[434][435]
Owain Yeoman	Actor	United Kingdom	[436]
Thom Yorke	Musician	United Kingdom	[437]
Yoon Jin-seo	Actress	South Korea	[25]
Marguerite Yourcenar	Author, essayist, poet	France	[438][439]
Zarathustra	Founder of Zoroastrianism	Persia	[31]
Ethan Zohn	Soccer player	United States	[310]

Former vegetarians

Name	Occupation	Country	Source
Morten Abel	Musician	Norway	[241]
Louisa May Alcott	Novelist	United States	[nb 30]
Gillian Anderson	Actress	United States	[440]
Christian Bale	Actor	United Kingdom	[441]
Blixa Bargeld	Musician	Germany	[442]
Amber Benson	Actress	United States	[443]
14th Dalai Lama	Monk	Tibet	[273]
Leonardo Dicaprio	Actor	United States	[nb 31]
David Duchovny	Actor	United States	[nb 32]
Prince Fielder	Baseball player	United States	[449]
Benjamin Franklin	Politician	United States	[31]
Sam Harris	Author and neuroscientist	United States	[450]
Josh Hartnett	Actor	United States	[273][451]
Darren Hayes	Singer-songwriter	Australia	[452]
Kareena Kapoor	Actress	India	[453]
Madonna	Songstress	United States	[273]
Chris Martin	Musician	United Kingdom	[454]
Sir Ian McKellen	Actor	United Kingdom	[455][456]
Meat Loaf	Musician	United States	[457]
Alyssa Milano	Actress	United States	[458][459]
Dannii Minogue	Actress, singer	United Kingdom	[460]
Hayden Panettiere	Actress	United States	[461]
Julia Sawalha	Actress	United Kingdom	[273]
Dax Shepard	Actor	United States	[48]
Arve Tellefsen	Violinist	Norway	[241]
Paul Weller	Musician	United Kingdom	[462]
Reese Witherspoon	Actress	United States	[273]

Disputed vegetarians

This list includes only those for whom there is a legitimate dispute of the fact and omits those merely rumored of being a vegetarian, regardless of how widely such rumor is spread.

Name	Occupation	Country	Source
John Abraham	Actor	India	[463]
Charlotte Brontë	Novelist	United Kingdom	[nb 33]
Clement of Alexandria	Theologian	Greece	[464]
Albert Einstein	Theoretical physicist	Germany	[31][nb 34]
Ralph Waldo Emerson	Writer, philosopher	United States	[31][nb 35]
Henry Ford	Founder of Ford Motor Company	United States	[467][nb 36]
Marusha Aphrodite Gleiß	German techno artist/DJ	Germany	[468] [469]
Michael Jackson	Singer	United States	[470]
Steve Jobs	Co-founder of Apple Inc.	United States	[471][nb 37]
John the Baptist	Itinerant preacher and a major religious figure	Roman Empire	[473]
Abraham Lincoln	16th President of the United States	United States	[474]
Sir Isaac Newton	Scientist	United Kingdom	[31]
Plato	Classical Greek philosopher, mathematician, student of Socrates, writer, founder of the Academy in Athens	Greece	[31][nb 38][475]
William Shakespeare	Playwright	United Kingdom	[31][nb 39]
Socrates	Philosopher	Greece	[nb 40]
Henry David Thoreau	Author	United States	[31][nb 41]
Mark Twain	Author, humorist	United States	[nb 42]
Richard Wagner	Composer	Germany	[31][108](pp371–374)[478](pp89–95)[nb 43]
Mark Zuckerberg	Founder of Facebook	USA	[479] [480] [481]

See also

• List of vegans

Notes

1. ^ (Original Dutch) V: "Wie is die man die 's zondags het vlees snijdt?" A: "De tofoe snijdt, want ik ben vegetariër." (Translation into English) Q: "Who is that man preparing the meat on Sunday?" A: "Preparing the tofu, because I am a vegetarian."^[51]
2. ^ (Original Dutch) "Wat hebben Paul McCartney, Claudia de Breij, Erik Mouthaan en Pia Douwes met elkaar gemeen? [..] Ze zijn vegetariërs..." (Translation into English) "What do Paul McCartney, Claudia de Breij, Erik Mouthaan and Pia Douwes have in common? [..] They're vegetarians..."^[53]
3. ^ Gregerson^[62](p21) observes: "As Zen roshi, Philip Kapleau points out (see his Cherish All Life), any attempt by Theravadins and others to attribute to the Buddha himself, words permitting the consumption of meat involve a blatant falsification and corruption of sacred texts!"
4. ^ "I became a vegetarian in 1976 while watching a deer being butchered."^[91]
5. ^ "It may be of interest to note, in view of his exuberant vigor and great powers of endurance, that d'Albert is a strict vegetarian"^[106](p196)
6. ^ "He ate once a day, after sunset, sometimes once in two days, and often even in four. His food was bread and salt, his drink, water only. Of flesh and wine it is superfluous even to speak, since no such thing was found with the other earnest men."^{[164]:Paragraph 7}
7. ^ (Original Dutch) "Presentator Babs Assink vraagt vegetariër en dierenvriend 't Hart of het een angstaanjagend beeld is dat wij het varken tot op het bot verslinden." (Translation into English) "Presenter Babs Assink asks vegetarian and animal friend 't Hart whether or not it is a frightening image that we devour our pigs to the bone."^[178]
8. ^ "If the FRS knew Hartley as a friend, he would know him to be a mathematician with a special interest in statistics, an amateur violinist, and a vegetarian who saw animals as bearing a "near relation" to humans."^[180]
9. ^ Traudl Junge, who became Hitler's secretary in December 1942, wrote in her memoirs that he ate only side dishes, always avoiding meat.^[195] Likewise, Margot Wölk, who was forced to work as one of Hitler's food tasters at the Wolf's Lair (1941–1944), stated that all the food she tested for Hitler was vegetarian, and she recalled no meat or fish.^[196] Léon Degrelle, an acquaintance of Hitler, also recalled "He could not bear to eat meat, because it meant the death of a living creature. He refused to have so much as a rabbit or a trout sacrificed to provide his food. He would allow only eggs on his table, because egg-laying meant that the hen had been spared rather than killed."^[197] See also: the Vegetarianism of Adolf Hitler.
10. ^ (Original Dutch) "Zijn gedrevenheid moet, zeggen velen, voortkomen uit religieus besef: de vegetariër Koffeman is net als zijn vrouw belijdend Zevende-dagsadventist, een klein protestants kerkgenootschap."' (Translation into English) "His determination has to, some say, come from religieus belief: the vegetarian Koffeman is just like his wife a practising Seventh-day Adventist, a small protestant denomination."^[230]
11. ^ [1892] "Under Diefenbachs theosophical influence Kupka becomes a strict vegetarian and adopts a regime of daily physical exercises".^[239](p21)
12. ^ [1894] "Meets Nazarene artist Karl Diefenbach, who advocates man's return to naure. Moves to Diefenbach's home and participates in communal life-style there, which features vegetarian cuisine, outdoor baths, nude exercising, discussions about spiritual issues, music, and painting."^[240](p408)
13. ^ "True it is that Lamartine ate flesh and fish at one period of his life; but we have the authority of Douglas Jerrold's London Journal for assuring our readers that he is again a vegetarian."^[131](p222)
14. ^ "Lamartine said that, despite his conventions, in adulthood he conformed to society by eating meat. But contemporaries recall that later in life Lamartine reconverted to vegetarianism after travelling through India, and lived in Paris like a Hindu vegetarian..."^[245](p214)
15. ^ "The following season proved a very gloomy one for Mahler. Once more the "city of music" could furnish him no greater material consolation than that of a few piano-pupils. Evenings he would attach himself to a group of young, poverty-stricken Wagnerian enthusiasts and over a cup of coffee help wage the abstract battles of the music-dramatist's political and ethical doctrines. Of these sage utterances one the young musicians adopted unanimously was the proposal to regenerate mankind through strict, vegetarian diet. Perhaps the cost of meat-dishes had as much to do with this resolution as the realization that carnivorous humanity was going to the dogs. [...] Although two years had passed since those unforgettable meatless meetings of the young Wagnerians in Vienna, Mahler was in Olmuetz still a vegetarian, claiming bitterly that he went to the restaurant to starve."^{[274]:Chapter III}
16. ^ "Keussler is also already here. A splendid fellow. After the Saturday evening rehearsal I'll be joining him for a vegetarian meal. (10 September 1908)";^(p254) "I'll presumably have to assume the role of 'the flesh pots in the land of Egypt'. Ouch! What a metaphor for a husband with vegetarian inclinations! (June 1909)."^(p272)[275]
17. ^ Jaime de Magalhães Lima (1859–1936) was a Portuguese writer born in Aveiro. He studied Law in the University of Coimbra. He was an admirer of Tolstoy and visited him in Russia. In 1912 he wrote the essay O Vegetarismo e a Moralidade das raças.^[276]
18. ^ 'O consumo de animais é supérfluo, não há razão para continuar a comê-los quando é tão fácil ser vegetariano', comentou Desidério Murcho, filósofo e vegetariano convicto ['The consumption of animals is unnecessary, there is no reason to continue to eat them when it is so easy to be vegetarian,' said Desiderio Murch, philosopher and vegetarian].^[313]
19. ^ "I advocate eating nutritious food (I'm a vegetarian), working out, being in top form mentally and physically...".^{[320](pp172–173)}
20. ^ (Original Dutch) "De koeien waren moe en zwak, maar werden toch de vrachtwagens ingeschopt en geslagen. Toen heb ik besloten daar niet mee aan mee te werken en vegetariër te worden." (Translation into English) "The cows were tired and weak and were brutally thrown into the trucks. At that point I decided to become a vegetarian and stop supporting this."^[335]
21. ^ "Plotinus came from somewhere in Egypt and lived a frugal life. He was celibate and vegetarian and took little in the way of food, drink and sleep."^[341]
22. ^ "Outro autor muito afamado de nossos dias, Raynal, era igualmente sóbrio. A senhora Marquesa de Alorna, que muitas vezes o teve a jantar, me contou, que nunca o vira comer mais que algumas poucas ervas e fruta, nem beber senão água."^{[350](pp281–282)}
23. ^ (Original Dutch) "Of vlees-vrije stijlvolle godinnen als Marly van der Velden, Alyssa Milano, Isa Hoes, Jorinde Moll, Loretta Schrijver [..]" (Translation into English) "Or meat free stylish goddesses like Marly van der Velden, Alyssa Milano, Isa Hoes, Jorinde Moll, Loretta Schrijver [..]"^[373]
24. ^ "Sextius thought, that there was food enough for man in the world without shedding blood; and that the taking pleasure in butchering helpless animals, only inspired men with cruelty."^[380]
25. ^ (Original Dutch) "Of ik zelf ook vegetariër ben? [..] Zelf heb ik dat vlees echter niet meer nodig. Bovendien wil ik graag advocaat voor de dieren zijn en u snapt dat ik dan liever niet mijn eigenklanten opeet." (Translation into English) "Whether or not I am a vegetarian myself? [..] I do not to eat meat anymore. In fact, I want to defend the rights of animals (as a lawyer) and I guess you understand I would rather not eat my own clients"^[407]
26. ^ "Repin's contemporary the prominent sculptor Paolo Trubetskoi was also sympathetic to theosophical ideas and was a vegetarian and confirmed antivivisectionist".^[411]
27. ^ (Original Dutch) V: "Waarom ben je vegetariër?" A: "'Ik vind het onzin om vlees te eten terwijl er tegenwoordig genoeg vleesvervangers zijn. Vlees eten is ontzettend zielig voor de diertjes. Ik ben dus zeker al twee jaar vegetariër." (Translation into English) Q: "Why are you a vegetarian?" A: "I think there is no sense in eating meat since there are loads of alternatives available. Eating meat, it's so sad for those poor animals. So I have been a vegetarian for at least two years."^[416]
28. ^ "[..] or Zara Whites, a former Dutch porn actress. The militant vegetarian made a half-naked appearance at the last 'Salon International de l'Agriculture'"[..]^[429]
29. ^ He (Wright) did not smoke or eat meat, rarely drank alcohol, and exercised with a rare determination".^[433]
30. ^ Although Louisa May Alcott is in many famous vegetarians lists, she probably wasn't a vegetarian. It appears that although she was raised a vegetarian by her father Amos Bronson Alcott, she didn't maintain that diet. Vegetarian historian Rynn Berry wrote: "Whereas Amos Bronson Alcott remained a vegetarian for the rest of his life – refusing to consume milk, eggs, fish, meat, and cheese, or wear leather or woollen clothing – his wife and their four daughters were backsliders."^[39](p133)
31. ^ Dicaprio was vegetarian when first meeting Paltrow, though later in life eat meats at a dinner with Tobey Macquire, a vegan.;^[444][445]
32. ^ David Duchovny identified as a vegetarian in the late 1990s;^[446][447] however in recent years he has been regarded as a pescetarian.^[448]
33. ^ "The passage from Gaskell has persuaded many vegetarians that Charlotte Brontë was one of their number. In fact, even as children, the Brontë siblings ate flesh, both according to their father and to the friends. Moreover, the diaries of the Brontë children refer to their meals and their menus, all of which contain a flesh component."^[179](p241)
34. ^ Einstein was known to be sympathetic to the vegetarian cause: "Although I have been prevented by outward circumstances from observing a strictly vegetarian diet, I have long been an adherent to the cause in principle."^[465] It is also possible that Einstein adopted a vegetarian diet in the final year of his life: a single letter to Hans Muehsam, dated 30 March 1954 states that he was vegetarian; while in a letter to Max Kariel seven months earlier, he said that he was not.^[466]
35. ^ Although Emerson appears in many un-sourced "Famous Vegetarian" Lists in the internet, he was not a vegetarian: "Once, while Amos Bronson Alcott (a vegetarian) sat at Ralph Waldo Emerson's dinner table, his host discussed the savagery of cannibalism. Emerson was carving a roast as he told his tale. Alcott joked with his nonvegetarian fiend: "But Mr. Emerson, if we are to eat meat at all why should we not eat the best?"^[7](p58)
36. ^ "Ford, not a vegetarian, was obsessed with soybeans […]"^[7](p157)
37. ^ Some sources state that Jobs was pescetarian rather than vegetarian.^[472]
38. ^ "Ancient sources sometimes identify Plato as a vegetarian, but none of these were his contemporaries, and it is not clear whether their authors knew for a fact that he ate no meat, or were making an assumption based on the vegetarian passages in The Republic and the Laws and the obvious Pythagorean influence in Plato's philosophy."^[61](p33)
39. ^ "Another list named Shakespeare, the economic and social theorist Adam Smith (an advocate but not a practitioner), and that avid hunter Prince Charles as "famous vegetarians." There is no evidence to support the vegetarianism of any one of them – and a great deal to indicate otherwise.".^[179](p21)"Even Shakespeare who was no vegetarian was burlesquing the Pythagorean theory of reincarnation […]"^[39](p4)
40. ^ Norm Phelps argues that Socrates was not a vegetarian.^{[61](pp32–33)}
41. ^ And numerous lists of vegetarians include both Henry David Thoreau and Charles Darwin, neither of whom gave up flesh or claimed to do so."^[476]
42. ^ Mark Twain is on many famous vegetarian lists, however these lists fail to provide evidence to substantiate the claim. Shelley Fisher Fishkin, the editor of The Mark Twain's Book of Animals writes that "Twain was not a vegetarian himself".^[477]
43. ^ Lilli Lehmann, My Path Through Life (1914): "We stayed to a meal with the Wagners, during which he talked much about vegetarianism that he wanted to adopt entirely, but his physician was opposed to it. After what I know of it to-day from my own experience, I am certain that Wagner, without going to the extremes of vegetarianism, would have found it a means of lengthening his life."

References

Conheça os Tipos de Vegetarinos e Suas diferenças. Archive

Veganism and vegetarianism Perspectives Veganism Fruitarianism Environmental veganism History of veganism Juice fasting Low carbon diet Raw veganism Stock-free agriculture Veganarchism Vegan nutrition Vegan organic gardening Vegetarianism Economic vegetarianism Environmental vegetarianism History of vegetarianism Lacto vegetarianism Ovo vegetarianism Ovo-lacto vegetarianism Vegetarianism by country Vegetarian cuisine Vegetarian nutrition Vegetarian Diet Pyramid Semi-vegetarianism Macrobiotic diet Pescetarianism Lists List of vegans List of vegetarians List of vegetarian festivals List of vegetarian organizations List of vegetarian restaurants Ethics Secular Animal rights Animal welfare Carnism Deep ecology Environmental vegetarianism Ethics of eating meat Nonviolence Speciesism Religious Ahimsa Buddhist vegetarianism Christian vegetarianism Diet in Hinduism Diet in Sikhism Ital (Rastafari) Jain vegetarianism Jewish vegetarianism Pythagorean diet Sattvic diet Food, drink Agar Agave nectar Meat analogue List of meat substitutes Miso Mochi Mock duck Nutritional yeast Plant cream Plant milk Quinoa Quorn Seitan Soy yogurt Tempeh Tofu Tofurkey Vegan cheese Vegetarianism and beer Vegetarianism and wine Veggie burger Vegetarian hot dog Vegetarian sausage Groups, events, companies Vegan American Vegan Society Beauty Without Cruelty Go Vegan Movement for Compassionate Living Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine Plamil Foods Vegan Awareness Foundation Vegan Ireland Vegan Outreach Vegan Prisoners Support Group The Vegan Society Veganz World Vegan Day Vegetarian American Vegetarian Party Boston Vegetarian Society Christian Vegetarian Association European Vegetarian Union Hare Krishna Food for Life International Vegetarian Union Jewish Vegetarians of North America Linda McCartney Foods Meat-free days Meatless Monday Swissveg Toronto Vegetarian Association Vegetarian Society Vegetarian Society (Singapore) Veggie Pride Veggies of Nottingham Viva! Health World Esperantist Vegetarian Association World Vegetarian Day Books, reports Thirty-nine Reasons Why I Am a Vegetarian (1903) The Benefits of Vegetarianism (1927) Diet for a Small Planet (1971) Moosewood Cookbook (1977) Fit for Life (1985) Diet for a New America (1987) The Vegan Sourcebook (1998) The China Study (2004) The World Peace Diet (2005) Skinny Bitch (2005) The Bloodless Revolution (2006) Livestock's Long Shadow (2006) Eating Animals (2009) Skinny Bastard (2009) The Kind Diet (2009) Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows (2009) Eat & Run (2012) Meat Atlas (annual) Films Devour the Earth (1995) Meet Your Meat (2002) Peaceable Kingdom (2004) Earthlings (2005) Supercharge Me! 30 Days Raw (2006) A Sacred Duty (2007) A Delicate Balance – The Truth (2008) Simply Raw: Reversing Diabetes in 30 Days (2009) Fat, Sick and Nearly Dead (2010) Planeat (2010) Forks Over Knives (2011) Vegucated (2011) Live and Let Live (2013) Cowspiracy (2014) Physicians, academics Neal D. Barnard T. Colin Campbell Caldwell Esselstyn Gary Francione Joel Fuhrman Michael Greger Melanie Joy Stephen R. Kaufman Michael Klaper John A. McDougall Reed Mangels Dean Ornish Richard H. Schwartz