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The 2008 U.S. House of Representatives elections were held on November 4, 2008, to elect members to the United States House of Representatives to serve in the 111th United States Congress from January 3, 2009 until January 3, 2011. All 435 voting seats, as well as all 6 non-voting seats, were up for election. The Democratic Party, which won a majority of seats in the 2006 election, expanded its control in 2008. The Republican Party, hoping to regain the majority it lost in the 2006 or at least expand its congressional membership, lost additional seats. With one exception (Louisiana's 2nd district), the only seats to switch from Democratic to Republican had been Republican-held prior to the 2006 elections. Republicans gained five Democratic seats total, while losing 26 of their own, giving the Democrats a net gain of 24 seats, effectively erasing all gains made by the GOP since 1994.[1] In addition, with the defeat of a Republican congressman in Connecticut's 4th district, this became the first time since the 1850s that no Republican represented the New England region.[2][3] Turnout increased due to the 2008 presidential election. The presidential election, 2008 Senate elections, and 2008 state gubernatorial elections, as well as many other state and local elections, occurred on the same date.
At the end of the 110th Congress (2nd Session), the membership of the U.S. House of Representatives was composed of 235 Democrats, 199 Republicans, and one vacancy.
In 2008 there were eight special elections for vacant seats in the United States House of Representatives, for the 110th United States Congress. In the special elections, Democrats gained three seats while keeping hold on five seats. Republicans held of only one of their four seats.
Thirty-three incumbents voluntarily retired.[4]
All six seats held by retiring Democrats were won by Democrats.
Twenty-seven Republicans retired. Thirteen of their seats were then won by Democrats (see Open seat gains, below).
One Republican lost in a primary and the seat was eventually won by a Democrat. One Democrat lost the primary as did two Republicans. The primary winners, however, managed to retain the seat for the same party.
Fourteen Republicans and Five Democrats lost their general elections, thereby losing their seats to the other party.
Twelve seats held by retiring Republicans were won by Democrats. No Democratic retirements were picked up by Republicans.
Most recent election results are listed. Winning candidates are listed in bold.
Note: In Louisiana's 2nd and 4th districts, primary runoffs were held November 4, 2008 and the general election for both of these races were held December 6, 2008.
Libertarian Party (United States), Michigan, United States House of Representatives, Detroit, John Dingell
Libertarian Party (United States), Bexar County, Texas, United States House of Representatives, Texas, Computer science
Democratic Party (United States), Republican Party (United States), Whig Party (United States), Democratic-Republican Party, Jacksonian Party (United States)