Velar ejective affricate

Velar ejective affricate
k͡xʼ
k͜xʼ
Sound
·

The velar ejective affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨kxʼ⟩.

Features

Features of the velar ejective affricate:

Its manner of articulation is affricate, which means it is produced by first stopping the airflow entirely, then allowing air flow through a constricted channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
Its place of articulation is velar, which means it is articulated with the back of the tongue at the soft palate.
Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
The airstream mechanism is ejective (glottalic egressive), which means the air is forced out by pumping the glottis upward.

Occurrence

Language	Word	IPA	Meaning
Xhosa	krola	[kxʼola]	inscribe
Hadza	dlaggwa	[cʎ̝̥ʼakxʷ’a]	to cradle
Haida	ttsanskkaagid	[tsʼanskʼaːkit]	beams

IPA	International Phonetic Association History of the IPA Extensions to the IPA Kiel convention (1989) Journal of the IPA (JIPA) Naming conventions

Phonetics	Diacritics Segments Tone letter Place of articulation Manner of articulation

Special topics	Case variants of IPA letters Handwritten IPA Obsolete and nonstandard symbols IPA chart for English dialects

Encodings	SAMPA X-SAMPA Kirshenbaum TIPA Phonetic symbols in Unicode WorldBet IPA Braille

Consonants

audio

Place →

Labial

Coronal

Dorsal

Radical

Glottal

↓ Manner

Bilabial

Labio-dental

Dental

Alveolar

Postalveolar

Retroflex

Alveolo-palatal

Palatal

Velar

Uvular

Pharyngeal

Epiglottal

Glottal

Nasal

m̥

n̥

ɳ̊

ɲ̊

ŋ̊

Stop

p̪

b̪

t̪

d̪

Sibilant fricative

Non-sibilant fricative

θ̱

ð̠

ɹ̠̊˔

ɹ̠˔

Approximant

j̊

Flap or tap

ⱱ̟

ⱱ

ɾ̥

ɢ̆

ʡ̯

Trill

r̥

ɽ͡r

ʀ̥

ᴙ *

Lateral fricative

ꞎ *

ʎ̝̊

ʟ̝̊

ʟ̝

Lateral approximant

l̥

Lateral flap

ɺ̢ *

ʎ̯

ʟ̆

Non-pulmonic consonants
Clicks	ʘ	ǀ		ǃ		ǂ		ǁ
Clicks	ʘ̃	ʘ̃ˀ		ʘ͡q		ʘ͡qʼ		‼
Implosives	ɓ̥	ɓ	ɗ̥	ɗ	ᶑ	ʄ̊	ʄ	ɠ	ʛ
Ejectives	pʼ	t̪ʼ	tʼ	ʈʼ	cʼ	kʼ	qʼ	fʼ	θʼ
	sʼ	ɬʼ	ʃʼ	ʂʼ	ɕʼ	xʼ	χʼ	tsʼ	tɬʼ
	cʎ̝̥ʼ	tʃʼ	ʈʂʼ	kxʼ	kʟ̝̊ʼ	qχʼ

Affricates
p̪f	b̪v	ts	dz	t̪s̪	d̪z̪	tθ	dð	tʃ	dʒ
tɕ	dʑ	ʈʂ	ɖʐ	tɬ	dɮ	cç	ɟʝ	cʎ̝̥
kx		kʟ̝̊	ɡʟ̝	qχ

Co-articulated consonants
Continuants	ʍ	w	ɥ	ɧ
Occlusives	k͡p	ɡ͡b	ŋ͡m

— These tables contain phonetic symbols, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help]

— Where symbols appear in pairs, left–right represent the voiceless–voiced consonants.

— Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible.

— Symbols marked with an asterisk (*) are not defined in the IPA.

Chart image

Vowels

Front

Near-front

Central

Near-back

Back

Close

•iy

•ɨʉ

•ɯu

•ɪʏ

•ɪ̈ʊ̈

•eø

•ɘɵ

•ɤo

•e̞ø̞

•əɵ̞

•ɤ̞o̞

•ɛœ

•ɜɞ

•ʌɔ

•æ

•aɶ

•äɒ̈

•ɑɒ

Near-close

Close-mid

Mid

Open-mid

Near-open

Open

• chart with audio •

Categories

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Velar ejective affricate