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Voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant

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Title: Voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant  
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Subject: Polish language, Chuvash language, List of consonants, Voiceless alveolar fricative, Iotation
Collection: Alveolo-Palatal Consonants, Fricative Consonants
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Voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant

Voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant
ɕ
IPA number 182
Encoding
Entity (decimal) ɕ
Unicode (hex) U+0255
X-SAMPA s\
Kirshenbaum S;
Braille ⠦ (braille pattern dots-236) ⠉ (braille pattern dots-14)
Sound
 ·

The voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some oral languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɕ⟩ ("c", plus the curl also found in its voiced counterpart ⟨ʑ⟩).

Although the voiceless alveolo-palatal non-sibilant fricative has not been reported to occur in any language, it can be represented in the IPA as either ⟨ç͇⟩ or ⟨ç̟⟩.

Contents

  • Features 1
  • Occurrence 2
  • See also 3
  • References 4
  • Bibliography 5

Features

alveolo-palatal sibilant fricatives [ɕ, ʑ]

Features of the voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative:

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Adyghe щы     'three'
Catalan Eastern and Majorcan[1] caixa [ˈkaɕə] 'box' See Catalan phonology
Chinese Mandarin 西安/Xī'ān     'Xi'an' Contrasts with /ʂ/ and /s/. See Mandarin phonology
Chuvash çиçĕм [ˈɕiɕ̬əm] 'lightning' Contrasts with /ʂ/ and /s/.
Danish sjæl [ɕeˀl] 'soul' See Danish phonology
Dutch Some speakers sjabloon [ɕäˈbloːn] 'template' May be [ʃ] or [sʲ] instead. See Dutch phonology
Guarani Paraguayan che [ɕɛ] 'I'
Japanese[2] 塩/shio [ɕi.o] 'salt' See Japanese phonology
Kabardian щэ     'hundred'
Korean 시/si [ɕi] 'poem' See Korean phonology
Lower Sorbian[3] pśijaśel [ˈpɕijäɕɛl] 'friend'
Norwegian sjel [ɕe:l] 'soul' See Norwegian phonology
Pashto Wazirwola dialect لښکي‎ [ˈləɕki] 'little, slight'
Polish[4] śruba     'screw' Contrasts with /ʂ/ and /s/. See Polish phonology
Portuguese[5] Brazilian mexendo [me̞ˈɕẽ̞du] 'stirring', 'disturbing' Allophonic variation of /ʃ/. Contrasts with other sibilants only in onset. Argued both to be laminal [ʃ],[6] and generally produced "in the middle of the hard palate",[5] same of fellow alveolo-palatal [l̠ʲ] and [n̠ʲ],[7] and further palatalized than Italian post-alveolars.[8] Found in coda mainly before fricative, coronal and palatalized consonants in Brazil.[9][10] See Portuguese phonology
European (?) mesclas [ˈmɛɕklɐɕ] 'mixtures'
Carioca
Many Brazilian dialects estatísticas [i̥ɕtɐˈtɕiɕtɕikɐs] 'statistics'
Some speakers [i̥stɐˈtɕiɕːikɐs]
Romanian Transylvanian dialects[11] ce [ɕɛ] 'what' Realized as [tʃ] in standard Romanian. See Romanian phonology
Russian счастье     'happiness' Also represented by ⟨щ⟩. Contrasts with /ʂ/, /s/, and /sʲ/. See Russian phonology
Serbo-Croatian Croatian[12] miš će [mîɕ t͡ɕe̞] 'the mouse will' Allophone of /ʃ/ before /t͡ɕ, d͡ʑ/.[12] See Serbo-Croatian phonology
Some speakers of Montenegrin śutra [ɕutra] 'tomorrow' Phonemically /sj/ or, in some cases, /s/.
Swedish Finland sjok [ɕuːk] 'chunk' Allophone of /ɧ/.
Sweden kjol     'skirt' See Swedish phonology
Tibetan Lhasa dialect བཞི་ [ɕi˨˧] 'four' Contrasts with /ʂ/.
Uzbek[13]
Yi ꑟ/xi [ɕi˧] 'thread'

See also

References

  1. ^ Recasens & Espinosa (2007:145, 167)
  2. ^ Okada (1991:94)
  3. ^ Zygis (2003), pp. 180–181.
  4. ^ Jassem (2003:103)
  5. ^ a b seqüências de (sibilante + africada alveopalatal) no português falado em Belo Horizonte Page 18 (Portuguese)
  6. ^ Análise acústica de sequências de fricativas seguidas de [i produzidas por japoneses aprendizes de português brasileiro] (Portuguese)
  7. ^ Considerações sobre o status das palato-alveolares em português (Portuguese)
  8. ^ Dialects of Brazil: the palatalization of the phonemes /t/ and /d/ Page 27 (Portuguese)
  9. ^ Pará Federal University – The pronunciation of /s/ and its variations across Bragança municipality's Portuguese (Portuguese)
  10. ^ Rio de Janeiro Federal University – The variation of post-vocallic /S/ in the speech of Petrópolis, Itaperuna and Paraty (Portuguese)
  11. ^ Pop (1938), p. 29.
  12. ^ a b Landau et al. (1999:68)
  13. ^ Sjoberg (1963:11)

Bibliography

  • Jassem, Wiktor (2003), "Polish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33 (1): 103–107,  
  • Landau, Ernestina; Lončarić, Mijo; Horga, Damir; Škarić, Ivo (1999), "Croatian", Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 66–69,  
  • Okada, Hideo (1991), "Japanese", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 21 (2): 94–97,  
  • Pop, Sever (1938), Micul Atlas Linguistic Român, Muzeul Limbii Române Cluj 
  • Recasens, Daniel; Espinosa, Aina (2007), "An electropalatographic and acoustic study of affricates and fricatives in two Catalan dialects" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association 37 (2): 143–172,  
  • Sjoberg, Andrée F. (1963), Uzbek Structural Grammar 
  • Zygis, Marzena (2003), "Phonetic and Phonological Aspects of Slavic Sibilant Fricatives" (PDF), ZAS Papers in Linguistics 3: 175–213 
 
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