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Yana (also Yanan) is an extinct language formerly spoken by the Yana people, who lived in north-central California between the Feather and Pit rivers in what is now the Shasta and Tehama counties.
The language perished in 1916 with the death of Ishi, who spoke the Yahi dialect. Yana is fairly well-documented (mostly by Edward Sapir) compared to other extinct American languages.
The names Yana and Yahi are derived from the word for "people" in the respective dialects.
There are four known dialects:
Yana is often classified as a branch of the Hokan family. Sapir suggested a grouping of Yana within a Northern Hokan sub-family with Karuk, Chimariko, Shastan, Palaihnihan, and Pomoan. Contemporary linguists generally consider Yana to be a language isolate.[2][3]
Yana is polysynthetic and agglutinative, with a subject-verb-object word order. Unlike other languages of the region, Yana had different word forms for males and females.[4]
Pomoan languages, Seri language, Penutian languages, Austronesian languages, Shastan languages
San Francisco Bay Area, San Jose, California, Arizona, Sacramento, California, Los Angeles
Formosan languages, Madagascar, Malayo-Polynesian languages, Taiwan, Tai–Kadai languages
Hokan languages, Austronesian languages, California, Pomoan languages, Uto-Aztecan languages
Hokan languages, Uto-Aztecan languages, Austronesian languages, California, Shastan languages
Hokan languages, California, Uto-Aztecan languages, Austronesian languages, Penutian languages
Hokan languages, California, Uto-Aztecan languages, Austronesian languages, Nevada
Spanish language, American English, New York City, California, Chinese language
Bauchi State, Yana, Burma, Yana, India, Yana, Sierra Leone, Yana River