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Acidobacteria are a newly devised phylum of Bacteria, whose members are physiologically diverse and ubiquitous, especially in soils, but are under-represented in culture.[1][2][3]
Members of this phylum are physiologically diverse, some being acidophilic, and were first recognized as a novel division in 1997.[4] The first species, Acidobacterium capsulatum, of this phylum was discovered in 1991.[5] Other notable species are Holophaga foetida,[6] Geothrix fermentans,[7] Acanthopleuribacter pedis[8] and Bryobacter aggregatus.[9] Since they have only recently been discovered and the large majority have not been cultured, the ecology and metabolism of these bacteria is not well understood.[2] However, these bacteria may be an important contributor to ecosystems, since they are particularly abundant within soils.[10]
As well as their natural soil habitat, unclassified group II Acidobacteria have also been identified as a contaminant of DNA extraction kit reagents, which may lead to their erroneous appearance in microbiota or metagenomic datasets.[11]
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) [12] [13] and the phylogeny is based on 16S rRNA-based LTP release 111 by The All-Species Living Tree Project [14]
Notes: ♠ Strains found at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) but not listed in the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN)
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