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Lee Harvey Oswald

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Title: Lee Harvey Oswald  
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Subject: Assassins (musical), Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil, JFK (film), 1963, Jack Ruby
Collection: 1939 Births, 1963 Deaths, 1963 Murders in the United States, 20Th-Century American Criminals, American Assassins, American Communists, American Criminal Snipers, American Defectors to the Soviet Union, American Expatriates in the Soviet Union, American Marxists, American Murder Victims, American Spree Killers, Assassins of Presidents of the United States, Assassins of United States Presidents, Burials in Texas, Criminals from Louisiana, Criminals from Texas, Deaths by Firearm in Texas, Deaths in Police Custody in the United States, Filmed Deaths, Murdered Criminals, People Associated with the Assassination of John F. Kennedy, People Associated with the John F. Kennedy Assassination, People from New Orleans, Louisiana, People Murdered in Texas, People of the Civil Air Patrol, Subjects of Iconic Photographs, United States Marines, Warren Easton High School Alumni
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Lee Harvey Oswald

nce">[277] Photographic experts consulted by the HSCA concluded they were genuine,[278] answering twenty-one points raised by critics.[279] Marina Oswald has always maintained she took the photos herself, and the 1963 de Mohrenschildt print bearing Oswald's signature clearly indicate they existed before the assassination. Nonetheless, some continue to contest their authenticity.[280] In 2009, after digitally analyzing the photograph of Oswald holding the rifle and paper, computer scientist Hany Farid concluded[281] that the photo "almost certainly was not altered."[282]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ These were investigations by: the Federal Bureau of Investigation (1963), the Warren Commission (1964), the House Select Committee on Assassinations (1979), the Secret Service, and the Dallas Police Department.
  2. ^ The schools were:
    • 1st grade: Benbrook Common School (Fort Worth, Texas), October 31, 1945
    • 1st grade (again): Covington Elementary School (Covington, Louisiana), Sep. 1946–Jan. 1947
    • 1st grade (end): Clayton Public School (Ft Worth, TX), Jan.–May 1947
    • 2nd grade: Clayton Public School (Ft Worth, TX), Sept. 1947
    • 2nd grade (end): Clark Elementary School (Ft Worth, TX), March 1948
    • 3rd grade: Arlington Heights Elementary School (Ft Worth, TX), Sept. 1948
    • 4th grade: Ridglea West Elementary School (since renamed Luella Merrett, Ft Worth), Sep. 1949
    • 5th grade: Ridglea West Elementary School (Ft Worth), Sep. 1950
    • 6th grade: Ridglea West Elementary School (Ft Worth), Sep. 1951
    • 7th grade: Trinity Evangelical Lutheran School (Bronx, NYC, NY), Aug. 1952
    • 7th grade: Public School 117 (Bronx, NY), Sep. 1952 (attended 17 of 64 days)
    • 7th grade (end): Public School 44 (Bronx, NY), March 23, 1953
    Reformatory: Youth House (NYC, NY), April/May 1953.
    • 8th grade: Public School 44 (Bronx, NY), Sep 14, 1953
    • 8th grade (end): Beauregard Junior High School (New Orleans), Jan 13, 1954
    • 9th grade: Beauregard Junior High School (New Orleans), Sep. 1954–June 1955
    • 10th grade: Warren Easton High School (New Orleans), Sep.–Oct. 1955 (Warren appendix 13)
    (tried to enlist in U.S. Marines using affidavit claiming age 17)
    (worked as clerk/messenger in New Orleans, rather than school)
    • 10th grade (again): Arlington Heights High School (Ft Worth, TX), Sep.–Oct. 1956. Final withdrawal from high school, 10th grade. (Warren appendix 13)
  3. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 22, p. 705, CE 1385, Notes of interview of Lee Harvey Oswald conducted by Aline Mosby in Moscow in November 1959. Oswald: "When I was working in the middle of the night on guard duty, I would think how long it would be and how much money I would have to save. It would be like being out of prison. I saved about $1500." During Oswald's 2 years and 10 months of service in the Marine Corps he received $3,452.20, after all taxes, allotments and other deductions as well as his GED. Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 26, p. 709, CE 3099, Certified military pay records for Lee Harvey Oswald for the period October 24, 1956, to September 11, 1959.
  4. ^ Though later reports described her uncle, with whom she was living, as a colonel in the KGB, he was a lumber industry expert in the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD) with a bureaucratic rank of Polkovnik. Priscilla Johnson McMillan, Marina and Lee, Harper & Row, 1977, pp. 64–65. ISBN 978-0-06-012953-8.
  5. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 11, p. 123, Affidavit of Alexander Kleinlerer: "Anna Meller, Mrs. Hall, George Bouhe, and the deMohrenschildts, and all that group had pity for Marina and her child. None of us cared for Oswald because of his political philosophy, his criticism of the United States, his apparent lack of interest in anyone but himself, and because of his treatment of Marina."
  6. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, Testimony of Dennis Hyman Ofstein: 'I would say he didn't get along with people and that several people had words with him at times about the way he barged around the plant, and one of the fellows back in the photosetter department almost got in a fight with him one day, and I believe it was Mr. Graef that stepped in and broke it up before it got started...'
  7. ^ United States House Select Committee on Assassinations, Testimony of Dr. Vincent P. Guinn:
    Mr. WOLF. In your professional opinion, Dr. Guinn, is the fragment removed from General Walker's house a fragment from a WCC (Western Cartridge Company) Mannlicher-Carcano bullet?
    Dr. GUINN. I would say that it is extremely likely that it is, because there are very few, very few other ammunitions that would be in this range. I don't know of any that are specifically this close as these numbers indicate, but somewhere near them there are a few others, but essentially this is in the range that is rather characteristic of WCC Mannlicher-Carcano bullet lead.
  8. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, Testimony of Charles Givens.
  9. ^ In 1978, Arnold told author Anthony Summers that the FBI report misquoted her, and that she "clearly" saw Oswald sitting in the second floor lunchroom at 12:15 p.m or slightly after. However, no other depository employee reported seeing Oswald on the second floor between 12 noon and 12:30 pm (e.g., Mrs. Pauline Sanders, who left the second floor lunchroom at "approximately 12:20 pm," did not see Oswald at all that day).
  10. ^ The first report of Tippit's shooting was transmitted over Police Channel 1 some time between 1:16 and 1:19 p.m., as indicated by verbal time stamps made periodically by the dispatcher. Specifically, the first report began 1 minute 41 seconds after the 1:16 time stamp. Before that, witness Domingo Benavides could be heard unsuccessfully trying to use Tippit's police radio microphone, beginning at 1:16. Dale K. Myers, With Malice: Lee Harvey Oswald and the Murder of Officer J.D. Tippit, 1998, p. 384. ISBN 0-9662709-7-5.
  11. ^ By the evening of November 22, five of them (Helen Markham, Barbara Jeanette Davis, Virginia Davis, Ted Callaway, Sam Guinyard) had identified Lee Harvey Oswald in police lineups as the man they saw. A sixth (William Scoggins) did so the next day. Three others (Harold Russell, Pat Patterson, Warren Reynolds) subsequently identified Oswald from a photograph. Two witnesses (Domingo Benavides, William Arthur Smith) testified that Oswald resembled the man they had seen. One witness (L.J. Lewis) felt he was too distant from the gunman to make a positive identification. Warren Commission Hearings, CE 1968, Location of Eyewitnesses to the Movements of Lee Harvey Oswald in the Vicinity of the Tippit Killing.
  12. ^ "Two misconceptions about the Warren Commission hearing need to be clarified...hearings were closed to the public unless the witness appearing before the Commission requested an open hearing. No witness except one...requested an open hearing...Second, although the hearings (except one) were conducted in private, they were not secret. In a secret hearing, the witness is instructed not to disclose his testimony to any third party, and the hearing testimony is not published for public consumption. The witnesses who appeared before the Commission were free to repeat what they said to anyone they pleased, and all of their testimony was subsequently published in the first fifteen volumes put out by the Warren Commission." (Bugliosi, p. 332)
  13. ^ W. Tracy Parnell, The Exhumation of Lee Harvey Oswald. Contrary to reports, the skull of Oswald had been autopsied and this was also confirmed at the exhumation. W. Tracy Parnell, My Interview With Dr. Vincent J.M. Di Maio.
  14. ^
    Q. I want to mark these two photographs. On the back of the first one, which I would ask be marked JFK committee exhibit No. 1, it says in the bottom right-hand corner copy from the National Archives, records group No. 272, under that it says CE-133B. I will ask that be marked JFK exhibit No. 1. (The above referred to photograph was marked JFK committee exhibit No. 1 for identification.)
    Q. New, this second picture that I will ask to be marked says copy from the National Archives, record group No. 272, CE-133. I would ask that this be marked JFK committee exhibit No. 2. (The above referred to photograph was marked JFK committee exhibit No. 2 for identification.)
    By Mr. KLEIN:
    Q. I will show you those two photographs which are marked JFK exhibit No. 1 and exhibit No. 2, do you recognize those two photographs?
    A. I sure do. I have seen them many times.
    Q. What are they?
    A. That is the pictures that I took.
    Mr. McDONALD. Mrs. Porter, I have got two exhibits to show you, if the clerk would procure them from the representatives of the National Archives. We have two photographs to show you. They are Warren Commission Exhibits C-133-A and B, which have been given JFK Nos. F-378 and F-379. If the clerk would please hand them to you, and also if we could now have for display purposes JFK Exhibit F-179, which is a blowup of the two photographs placed in front of you. Mrs. Porter, do you recognize the photographs placed in front of you?
    Mrs. PORTER. Yes, I do.
    Mr. McDONALD. And how do you recognize them?
    Mrs. PORTER. That is the photograph that I made of Lee on his persistent request of taking a picture of him dressed like that with rifle.
    • Marina Oswald Porter, interview with author Vincent Bugliosi and lawyer Jack Duffy, Dallas, Texas, November 30, 2000, reported in Bugliosi, Reclaiming History, p. 794.

References

  1. ^ Lee Oswald claiming innocence (film), Youtube.com
  2. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 20, p. 366, Kantor Exhibit No. 3—Handwritten notes made by Seth Kantor concerning events surrounding the assassination
  3. ^ John F. Kennedy, Dallas Police Department Collection
  4. ^ John R. Tunheim (March 1, 1999). Final Report of the Kennedy Assassination Records Review Board. DIANE Publishing. p. 1.  
  5. ^ "Gallop: Most Americans Believe Oswald Conspired With Others to Kill JFK". Gallup.com. Retrieved December 24, 2012. 
  6. ^ "Summary of Findings and Recommendations". Report of the Select Committee on Assassinations of the U.S. House of Representatives. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. 1979. p. 3. 
  7. ^ House Select Committee on Assassinations Final Report, pp. 65-75.
  8. ^ a b
  9. ^ a b Ballard C. Campbell (2008). Disasters, Accidents, and Crises in American History: A Reference Guide to the Nation's Most Catastrophic Events. Infobase Publishing. p. 1936.  
  10. ^ a b Holland, Max (June 1994). "After Thirty Years: Making Sense of the Assassination".  
  11. ^ a b Martin, John (September 2011). "The Assassination of John F. Kennedy – 48 Years On". Irish Foreign Affairs. 
  12. ^ a b Peter Knight (2007). The Kennedy Assassination. University Press of Mississippi. p. 72.  
  13. ^ a b Kathryn S. Olmsted (March 11, 2011). Real Enemies: Conspiracy Theories and American Democracy, World War I to 9/11. Oxford University Press. pp. 169–170.  
  14. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 23, p. 799, CE 1963, Schedule showing known addresses of Lee Harvey Oswald from the time of his birth.
  15. ^ "Robert Edward Lee Oswald". Find a Grave. 
  16. ^ "Marguerite Frances Claverie". Find a Grave. 
  17. ^ "John Edward Pic". Find a Grave. 
  18. ^ a b c d e f g "Warren Commission Report, Appendix 13: Biography of Lee Harvey Oswald, pages 670–682". Archives.gov. 1964. 
  19. ^ "Warren Commission Report, Chapter 7, page 378". Archives.gov. Retrieved February 27, 2009. 
  20. ^ "Testimony of John Edward Pic". Warren Commission Hearings. 
  21. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 22, p. 687, CE 1382, Interview with Mrs. John Edward Pic.
  22. ^ "Report of Renatus Hartogs, May 1, 1953". Acorn.net. May 1, 1953. Retrieved September 17, 2010. 
  23. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 25, p. 123, CE 2223, Big Brothers of New York, Inc., Case file of Lee Harvey Oswald.
  24. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, Testimony of Mrs. Marguerite Oswald.
  25. ^ Carro Exhibit No. 1 Continued at Kennedy Assassination Home Page.
  26. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, Testimony of John Carro.
  27. ^ a b c d  
  28. ^ Warren Commission Report, Chapt. 7, p. 383.
  29. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, CE 2240, FBI transcript of letter from Lee Oswald to the Socialist Party of America, October 3, 1956.
  30. ^ Oswald, David Ferrie and the Civil Air Patrol, United States House Select Committee on Assassinations, vol. 9, 4, p. 107.
  31. ^ Testimony of Edward Voebel, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 8, pp. 10, 12.
  32. ^ Summers, Anthony. Not in Your Lifetime, (New York: Marlowe & Company, 1998), p. 235. ISBN 1-56924-739-0
  33. ^ a b Oswald, David Ferrie and the Civil Air Patrol, House Select Committee on Assassinations - Appendix to Hearings, Volume 9, 4, pp. 107-115.
  34. ^ a b Summers 1998, p. 234.
  35. ^ a b c PBS Frontline "Who Was Lee Harvey Oswald", broadcast on PBS stations, November 1993 (various dates).
  36. ^ a b Sanders, Bob Ray (25 November 2013). "A Monday of funerals, and learning a bit more about the man who killed Kennedy".  
  37. ^ Bob Goodman, Triangle of Fire (Laquerian Publishing Co., 1993).
  38. ^ Warren Commission Report, Chapter 7, p. 384, Lee Harvey Oswald: Background and Possible Motives, Return to New Orleans and Joining the Marine Corps.
  39. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 19, Folsom Exhibit No. 1, p. 665, Administrative Remarks.
  40. ^ Marines Warren Commission Report, Appendix 13, page 682–683.
  41. ^ Summers 1998, p. 91.
  42. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, Marine Corps service record of Lee Harvey Oswald.
  43. ^ Warren Commission Report, Chapter 4: The Assassin, Oswald's Marine Training
  44. ^ Gerald Posner "Case Closed" Random House, New York, 1993 pg. 28
  45. ^ Affidavit of James Botelho
  46. ^ "Oswald's Game". books.google.com. W W Norton & Co Inc. 2013. Retrieved September 20, 2013. 
  47. ^ Testimony of John E. Donovan, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 8, pp. 290-298.
  48. ^ Summers 1998, p. 94.
  49. ^ Summers 1998, pp. 94, 99.
  50. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 19, Folsom Exhibit No. 1, p. 85, Request for Dependency Discharge.
  51. ^ "Warren Commission Hearings, Folsom Exhibit No. 1 (cont'd)". XIX Folsom. p. 734. 
  52. ^ Lee Harvey Oswald in Russia, The Journey From USA to USSR at Russian Books
  53. ^ a b c Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 16, p. 94, CE 24, Lee Harvey Oswald's "Historic Diary", entries of October 16, 1959 to October 21, 1959.
  54. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 16, p. 95, CE 24, Lee Harvey Oswald's "Historic Diary", entries of October 21, 1959 to October 28, 1959.
  55. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 16, p. 96, CE 24, Lee Harvey Oswald's "Historic Diary", entries of October 28, 1959 to October 31, 1959.
  56. ^ Lee Harvey Oswald in Russia, Moscow Part 1 at Russian Books
  57. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 18, p. 108, CE 912, Declaration of Lee Harvey Oswald, dated November 3, 1959, requesting that his U.S. citizenship be revoked.
  58. ^ a b "Texas Marine Gives Up U.S. For Russia", The Miami News, October 31, 1959, p1
  59. ^ Foreign Service Dispatch from the American Embassy in Moscow to the Department of State, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 18, p. 98, CE 908
  60. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, CE 780, Documents from Lee Harvey Oswald's Marine Corps file.
  61. ^ "Stanislau Shushkevich, biographical sketch (in Russian)". Nv-online.info. Retrieved March 24, 2012. 
  62. ^ Lee Harvey Oswald in Russia, Minsk Part 3 at Russian Books
  63. ^ Lee Harvey Oswald in Russia, Minsk Part 2 at Russian Books
  64. ^ a b "Appendix 13: Biography of Lee Harvey Oswald". Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. 1964. pp. 697, 699. 
  65. ^ Johnson McMillan, Priscilla (October 10, 2013). "The Assassin as Political Pilgrim". Washington Decoded. Retrieved June 8, 2014. 
  66. ^ Savodnik, Peter (October 11, 2013). "Could a Jewish Beauty Have Saved Kennedy by Marrying Lee Harvey Oswald in Minsk?". Tablet. Retrieved June 8, 2014. 
  67. ^ Warren Commission Report, Chapter 7
  68. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 16, p. 102, CE 24, Lee Harvey Oswald's "Historic Diary", entry of January 4–31, 1961.
  69. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 18, p. 131, CE 931, Undated letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the American Embassy in Moscow.
  70. ^ United States House Select Committee on Assassinations, Hearings, vol. 2 p. 207, Testimony of Marina Oswald Porter, September 13, 1978.
  71. ^ The Warren Report, Appendix 8, p. 712, Biography of Lee Harvey Oswald
  72. ^ "Young Ex-Marine Asks To Be Russian Citizen", Oakland Tribune, October 31, 1959, p. 1. "Ex-Marine Requests Citizenship", New York Times, November 1, 1959, p. 3. "Texan in Russia: He Wants to Stay", Dallas Morning News, November 1, 1959, sec. 1, p. 9. "Brother Tries to Telephone, Halt Defector", Oakland Tribune November 2, 1959, p. 8. "U.S. Boy Prefers Russia", Syracuse Herald-Journal, December 11, 1959, p. 46. "Third Yank Said Quitting Soviet Union, San Mateo Times, June 8, 1962, p. 8. "Marine Returning", The Lima News, June 9, 1962, p. 1.
  73. ^ Biography of Lee Harvey Oswald, Warren Report, Appendix 13, p. 714.
  74. ^ Biography of Lee Harvey Oswald, Warren Report, Appendix 13, p. 716.
  75. ^ Summers 1998, p. 152.
  76. ^ "Warren Commission Report Chapter 7 – Relationship with Wife". Archives.gov. Retrieved February 27, 2009. 
  77. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 11, p. 298, Testimony of Mrs. Lee Harvey Oswald. Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 2, p. 307, Testimony of Mrs. Katherine Ford. Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 9, p. 252, Testimony of George de Mohrenschildt. Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 9, p. 238, Testimony of George de Mohrenschildt. Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 9, p. 266, Testimony of George de Mohrenschildt.
  78. ^ George de Mohrenschildt. Staff Report of the House Select Committee on Assassinations, vol. 12, 4, p. 53–54, 1979.
  79. ^ Summers 1998, pp. 152-160.
  80. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 9, p. 226, Testimony of George S. de Mohrenschildt.
  81. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 2, p. 435, Testimony of Ruth Hyde Paine.
  82. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 2, p. 385, Testimony of Michael R. Paine.
  83. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 10, pp. 199-205, Testimony of Dennis Hyman Ofstein.
  84. ^ "Warren Report C.E. 1886 shows his last weekly paycheck was for work ending April 6." (PDF). Retrieved September 17, 2010. 
  85. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 19, p. 288, Photograph of the face sides of a Selective Service System Notice of Classification. Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 10, p. 201, Testimony of Dennis Hyman Ofstein.
  86. ^ Summers 1998, pp. 52-53.
  87. ^ The Assassin, Warren Commission Report, pp. 118–119,
  88. ^ Questioned Documents, Warren Commission Report, Appendix 10, p. 567–571.
  89. ^ "Warren Commission Report p. 184-195". Archives.gov. Retrieved February 27, 2009. 
  90. ^ Findings of the Select Committee on Assassinations, HSCA Final Report, p. 61.
  91. ^ Scott, Peter Dale. Deep Politics and the Death of JFK, (Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1993), pp. 34, 50. ISBN 0-520-20519-7
  92. ^ Summers 1998, pp. 161–162.
  93. ^ Summers 1998, p. 162.
  94. ^ Testimony of Mrs. Lee Harvey Oswald, Warren Commission Hearings, volume 1, pg. 17.
  95. ^ "Warren Commission Report".  
  96. ^ "Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 1, p. 16, Testimony of Mrs. Lee Harvey Oswald.
  97. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 23, p. 392–393, CE 1785, Secret Service report dated December 5, 1963, on questioning of Marina Oswald about note Oswald wrote before he attempted to kill General Walker.
  98. ^ Testimony of Ruth Hyde Paine, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 9, p. 393–394.
  99. ^ "Oswald Notes Reported Left Before Walker Was Shot At", Dallas Morning News, December 31, 1963, sec. 1, p. 6.
  100. ^ Summers 1998, pp. 163-164.
  101. ^ "HSCA Final Report: I. Findings – A. Lee Harvey Oswald Fired Three Shots..." (PDF). pp. 60–61. Retrieved September 17, 2010. 
  102. ^ "Officials Recall Sniper Shooting at Walker Home", Dallas Morning News, November 23, 1963, sec. 1, p. 15.
  103. ^ "FBI Unable to Link Walker Slug, Rifle", Dallas Morning News, December 20, 1963, sec. 1, p. 7.
  104. ^ Testimony of George de Mohrenschildt, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 9, p. 249.
  105. ^ Testimony of George de Mohrenschildt, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 9, pp. 249-250.
  106. ^ Testimony of Jeanne de Mohrenschildt, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 9, pp. 314-317.
  107. ^ Testimony of Jeanne de Mohrenschildt, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 9, p. 314.
  108. ^ Summers 1998, p. 172.
  109. ^ The Warren Report, Chapter 7, p. 403, Lee Harvey Oswald – Background and Possible Motives; Personal Relations
  110. ^ a b The Warren Report, Chapter 6, p. 284, Investigation of Possible Conspiracy; Background of Lee Harvey Oswald
  111. ^ Scott, Peter Dale. Deep Politics and the Death of JFK, (Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1993), p. 95. ISBN 0-520-20519-7
  112. ^ Summers 1998, pp. 220-221.
  113. ^ The Warren Report, Chapter 7, pp. 403–404, Lee Harvey Oswald – Background and Possible Motives; Personal Relations
  114. ^ Summers 1998, p. 219.
  115. ^ Lee (Vincent T.), Exhibit No. 2, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 20, p. 512.
  116. ^ Lee (Vincent T.), Exhibit No. 3, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 20, p. 515.
  117. ^ Lee (Vincent T.), Exhibit No. 4, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 20, p. 518.
  118. ^ FBI Report of Investigation of Lee Harvey Oswald's Activities for Fair Play for Cuba Committee in New Orleans, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 25, pp. 770, 773.
  119. ^ Political Activities, Warren Commission Report, Chapter 7, p. 407.
  120. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 10, pp. 34–37, Testimony of Carlos Bringuier.
  121. ^ Summers 1998, p. 211.
  122. ^ Marrs, Jim. Crossfire: The Plot that Killed Kennedy, (New York: Carroll & Graf, 1989), p. 146. ISBN 0-88184-648-1
  123. ^ Summers 1998, pp. 217-218.
  124. ^ Summers 1998, pp. 211–212.
  125. ^ a b Douglas, James. JFK and the Unspeakable, (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2008), p. 65. ISBN 978-1-4391-9388-4
  126. ^ "Lee Harvey Oswald interview with William K Stuckey part 1". YouTube. Retrieved August 16, 2011. 
  127. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 21, p. 633, Stuckey Exhibit 3, Literal transcript of an audio-tape recording of a debate among Lee Harvey Oswald, Carlos Bringuier, and Edward Butler on August 21, 1963, Radio station WDSU, New Orleans.
  128. ^ Summers 1998, p. 212.
  129. ^ 544 Camp Street and Related Events, House Select Committee on Assassinations – Appendix to Hearings, vol. 10, 13, p. 123.
  130. ^ 544 Camp Street and Related Events, House Select Committee on Assassinations – Appendix to Hearings, vol. 10, 13, pp. 123–4.
  131. ^ Marrs, Jim. Crossfire: The Plot that Killed Kennedy, (New York: Carroll & Graf, 1989), p. 235. ISBN 0-88184-648-1
  132. ^ Summers 1998, p. 222.
  133. ^ Marrs, Jim. Crossfire: The Plot that Killed Kennedy, (New York: Carroll & Graf, 1989), pp. 100, 236. ISBN 0-88184-648-1
  134. ^ 544 Camp Street and Related Events, House Select Committee on Assassinations – Appendix to Hearings, vol. 10, 13, pp. 126–7.
  135. ^ Summers 1998, p. 230.
  136. ^ 544 Camp Street and Related Events, House Select Committee on Assassinations – Appendix to Hearings, vol. 10, 13, p. 128.
  137. ^ Summers 1998, p. 229.
  138. ^ 544 Camp Street and Related Events, House Select Committee on Assassinations – Appendix to Hearings, vol. 10, 8, p. 129.
  139. ^ David Ferrie, House Select Committee on Assassinations – Appendix to Hearings, vol. 10, 12, p. 110.
  140. ^ FBI Interview of David Ferrie, November 25, 1963, Warren Commission Document 75, p. 286.
  141. ^ David Ferrie, House Select Committee on Assassinations – Appendix to Hearings, vol. 10, 12, p. 105.
  142. ^ FBI Interview of Edward Voebel, November 25, 1963, Warren Commission Document 75, pp. 281–283.
  143. ^ New Orleans Police Department Interview of Edward Voebel, November 27, 1963, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 22, pp. 826-827, Commission Exhibit 1413
  144. ^ Testimony of Edward Voebel, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 8, pp. 14-15.
  145. ^ Oswald, David Ferrie and the Civil Air Patrol, House Select Committee on Assassinations, Volume 9, 4, pp. 110-115.
  146. ^ FBI Interview of David Ferrie, November 25, 1963 & November 27, 1963, Warren Commission Document 75, pp. 285–297, 199–200.
  147. ^ "Who Was Lee Harvey Oswald"FrontlinePBS , broadcast on PBS stations, November 1993 (various dates).
  148. ^ Summers 1998, pp. 233-234.
  149. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 3, pp. 7–9, Testimony of Ruth Hyde Paine Resumed.
  150. ^ Mexico City, Warren Commission Report, Appendix 8, p. 732.
  151. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 11, pp. 214–215, Affidavit of John Bryan McFarland and Meryl McFarland.
  152. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 25, p. 418, CE 2564, Cuban visa application of Lee Harvey Oswald, September 27, 1963.
  153. ^ (undated) Oswald's Foreign Activities (Coleman and Slawson to Rankin) (page 94) at The Assassination Archives and Research Center
  154. ^ Warren Commission Report, p. 413
  155. ^ Oswald: Myth, Mystery, and Meaning, FRONTLINE, November 20, 2003
  156. ^ HSCA Appendix to Hearings, vol. 8, p. 358, Letter from Lee Oswald to Embassy of the U.S.S.R., Washington, D.C., November 9, 1963. CIA Report on Oswald's Stay in Mexico, December 13, 1963. (page 19) at The Assassination Archives and Research Center.
  157. ^ House Select Committee on Assassinations, 1996 Release: Oswald, the CIA, and Mexico City ("Lopez Report"), p. 121.
  158. ^ The Warren Report, Chapter 1, pp. 14–15, Summary and Conclusions
  159. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 3, p. 216, Testimony of Roy Sansom Truly.
  160. ^ Summers 1998), p. 282.
  161. ^ a b  
  162. ^ Warren Commission Report, p. 739.
  163. ^ HSCA Final Assassinations Report, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 195–196.
  164. ^ Summers 1998, pp. 283-286.
  165. ^ Dallas Morning News, November 19, 1963. Dallas Times Herald, November 19, 1963, p. A-13.
  166. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. I, p. 72–73, Testimony of Marina Oswald.
  167. ^ Testimony of Wesley Frazier, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 2, pp. 226-227.
  168. ^ Magen Knuth, The Long Brown Bag.
  169. ^ National Archives, Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
  170. ^ Bugliosi, Reclaiming History, pp. 954–55.
  171. ^ Knuth, Magen. "The Long Brown Bag: Did Lee Harvey Oswald Bring a Rifle Into the Depository Concealed in a Long Paper Bag?". Kennedy Assassination Home Page.  
  172. ^  
  173. ^ Manchester, William (1967). The Death of a President. Harper & Row. pp. 114–15. 
  174. ^ Gerald Posner. Case Closed: Lee Harvey Oswald and the Assassination of JFK. Anchor Books. pp. 223–24.  
  175. ^ "Findings". Archives.gov. Retrieved November 22, 2013. 
  176. ^ Michael L. Kurtz (2006). The JFK assassination debates: lone gunman versus conspiracy. University Press of Kansas. pp. 67–8.  
  177. ^ FBI Interview of Charles Givens, November 23, 1963, Warren Commission Document 5, p. 329.
  178. ^ Summers 1998), p. 58.
  179. ^ "Warren Commission Hearings, Volume VII". History Matters Archive. p. 390. Retrieved February 4, 2013. 
  180. ^ "Warren Commission Hearings, Volume VI". History Matters Archive. p. 383. Retrieved February 4, 2013. 
  181. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 3, p. 173, Testimony of Bonnie Ray Williams.
  182. ^ Summers 1998, pp. 59-60.
  183. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 3, p. 170, Testimony of Bonnie Ray Williams.
  184. ^ FBI Gemberling Report, November 30, 1963, Warren Commission Document 5, p. 41.
  185. ^ The Shots from the Texas School Book Depository, Warren Commission Report, chapter 3, p. 117.
  186. ^ Warren Report, chapter 1, p. 19.
  187. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 3, p. 143, Testimony of Howard Brennan.
  188. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 3, p. 145, Testimony of Howard Brennan
  189. ^ McAdams, John (November 22, 1963). "The JFK Assassination Dallas Police Tapes: History in Real Time". The Kennedy Assassination. Marquette University. Retrieved November 26, 2012. 
  190. ^ Summers, Anthony (2013). Not in Your Lifetime. New York: Open Road. p. 62.  
  191. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 3, p. 263, Testimony of Marrion L. Baker.
  192. ^ "Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, Chapter 4".  
  193. ^ Summers 1998, p. 63.
  194. ^ Summers 1998, p. 64.
  195. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 3, pp. 273–275, Testimony of Mrs. Robert A. Reid
  196. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, Testimony of Roy Sansom Truly.
  197. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, Testimony of J.W. Fritz
  198. ^ Bus transfer (.gif) at Kennedy Assassination Home Page
  199. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 6, pp. 438–439, Testimony of Earlene Roberts.
  200. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 7, p. 439, Affidavit of Earlene Roberts.
  201. ^ Summers 1998, p. 66. ISBN 1-56924-739-0
  202. ^ Oswald was 5 feet 9 inches (1.75 m) tall and weighed 150 pounds (68 kg). Warren Commission Hearings Vol. 26, p. 521.
  203. ^ Warren Commission Report, Chapter 1, pg. 6.
  204. ^ The Warren Report, Appendix 12, p. 648, Oswald's Movements Between 12:33 and 1:15 PM
  205. ^ a b Warren Commission Report, Chapter 4, p. 165, The Assassin, The Killing of Patrolman J.D. Tippit.
  206. ^ The third eyewitness was Jack Ray Tatum. Oswald–Tippit Associates, HSCA Appendix to Hearings, vol. 12, p. 40–41.
  207. ^ Warren Commission Report, Chapter 4: The Assassin, Description of Shooting.
  208. ^ a b Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 3, pp. 466–473, Testimony of Cortlandt Cunningham. Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 3, p. 511, Testimony of Joseph D. Nicol.
  209. ^ Tippit Murder: Findings and Conclusions, 7 HSCA 376.
  210. ^ Testimony of Johnny Calvin Brewer, 7 H 3–5.
  211. ^ Testimony of Julia Postal, 7 H 11.
  212. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, Testimony of M. N. McDonald.
  213. ^ Video on YouTube. Brewer and McDonald testify on film to a reporter at the sites of the shoe store and inside the Texas Theater.
  214. ^ "Oswald and Officer McDonald:The Arrest of Lee Harvey Oswald". Retrieved June 21, 2011.
  215. ^ Copy of an undated statement made by Richard M. Sims and E. L. Boyd concerning the events surrounding the assassination, 21 H 512–514.
  216. ^ Testimony of J.W. Fritz, 4 H 206.
  217. ^ Warren Commission Report, Chapter 5: Detention and Death of Oswald, Chronology. p. 198.
  218. ^ Tippit murder affidavit: text, cover. Kennedy murder affidavit: text, cover.
  219. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 20, p. 366, Kantor Exhibit No. 3 – Handwritten notes made by Seth Kantor concerning events surrounding the assassination.
  220. ^ Lee Oswald claiming innocence (film) on YouTube.
  221. ^ Video on YouTube Lee Oswald's Midnight Press Conference], YouTube.com.
  222. ^ "Photo of the order slip and order envelope for the alleged murder weapon". History-matters.com. Retrieved September 17, 2010. 
  223. ^ CE 697 shows "A. J. Hidell" as alternate name on Oswald New Orleans P.O. Box
  224. ^ This box had been rented by Oswald in Dallas under his own name of Oswald, but postal inspector Harry Holmes of the Dallas Post office testified that a notice of receipt for any package would have been left in a Dallas P.O. box, no matter who the listed-recipient for the package was, and thereafter anyone presenting the notice for the package to the office window, demonstrating they had access to the box, would have been able to receive any package for the box, without identification. See http://www.aarclibrary.org/publib/jfk/wc/wr/html/WCReport_0073a.htm Warren Report p. 121 of 912.
  225. ^ Summers, Anthony. Not in Your Lifetime, (New York: Marlowe & Company, 1998), p. 66. ISBN 1-56924-739-0
  226. ^ Warren Commission Report, pp. 180–182.
  227. ^ vol. XVII of the Warren report with facsimile of card (CE 795) with Commission notation: "A spurious Selective Service System notice of classification card in the name "Alek James Hidell." See for the card (illustrated at right)
  228. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 4, Testimony of James P. Hosty, Jr., pp. 467–468
  229. ^ Testimony of Capt. J.W. Fritz, pp. 213–214 Commission Exhibit 2003
  230. ^ Dallas Police Department file on investigation of the assassination of the President, "Interrogation of Lee Harvey Oswald", vol. 4, p. 265.
  231. ^ FBI Report of Capt. J.W. Fritz, Warren Report, appendix 11, p. 600.
  232. ^ "Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy".  
  233. ^ "Warren Commission Hearings, Volume III". History Matters Archive. Retrieved February 5, 2013. 
  234. ^ Summers 1998, p. 59.
  235. ^ Testimony of Harry D. Holmes, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 7, pp. 297-302.
  236. ^ Testimony of H. Louis Nichols, 7 H 328–329.
  237. ^ Testimony of Harry D. Holmes, 7 H 299–300.
  238. ^ Jesse E. Curry, Retired Dallas Police Chief Jesse Curry Reveals His Personal JFK Assassination File, Self-published, 1969, p. 74, affidavit of Dallas police officer Thurber T. Lord on August 20, 1964.
  239. ^ Testimony of Ruth Hyde Paine, 3 H 88–89.
  240. ^ Testimony of John J. Abt, 10 H 116.
  241. ^ Robert L. Oswald, Lee: A Portrait of Lee Harvey Oswald by His Brother, Coward–McCann, 1967, p. 145.
  242. ^ Bugliosi, Vincent (2008) Four Days in November: The Assassination of President John F. Kennedy pp.416-7, quote: "No, I am not a Communist," Oswald says. "I am a Marxist, but not a Marxist-Leninist. [...] "Well, a Communist is a Leninist-Marxist," Oswald explains, "while I am a true Karl Marxist. I've read just about everything by or about Karl Marx."
  243. ^ Smith, Jeffrey K. (2008) Rendezvous in Dallas: The Assassination of John F. Kennedy pp.239-40, quote: No, I am not a Communist. I am a Marxist, but not a Marxist-Leninist. [...] Well, a Communist is a Leninist-Marxist, while I am a true Karl Marxist. I've read just about everything by or about Karl Marx.
  244. ^ Kelley Exhibit A, 20 H 443; CE 2064, 24 H 490; 7 H 298, WCT Harry D. Holmes
  245. ^ a b The Nook: An Investigation of the Assassination of John F. Kennedy, Official Autopsy Report of Lee Harvey Oswald, November 24, 1963. Accessed 2013-01-09.
  246. ^  
  247. ^ Testimony of Jack Ruby, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 5, pp. 198–200.
  248. ^ Goldfarb, Ronald (1995). Perfect Villains, Imperfect Heroes: Robert F. Kennedy's War Against Organized Crime. Virginia: Capital Books. p. 281.  
  249. ^ Directions to Lee Harvey Oswald's Grave at Kennedy Assassination Home Page
  250. ^ "Photos of Gravesite". Findagrave.com. Retrieved September 17, 2010. 
  251. ^ Lee Harvey Oswald pallbearer recalls the weather and widow The Salt Lake Tribune, 2013-11-21.
  252. ^ "Who was Lee Harvey Oswald? – A chronology of Lee Harvey Oswald's life". Pbs.org. Retrieved September 17, 2010. 
  253. ^ "Lee Harvey Oswald Casket Consignment". Natedsanders.com. Retrieved March 24, 2012. 
  254. ^ Warren Commission Report, Chapter 7: Unanswered Questions.
  255. ^ 1968 Panel Review of Photographs, X-Ray Films, Documents and Other Evidence Pertaining to the Fatal Wounding of President John E Kennedy on November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas (.txt) at Kennedy Assassination Home Page
  256. ^ a b Bugliosi, Reclaiming History, p.376
  257. ^ Findings of the Select Committee on Assassinations HSCA Final Report, pp. 3.
  258. ^ Testimony of Mark Weiss and Ernest Aschkenasy, 5 HSCA 617.
  259. ^ G. Robert Blakey and Richard N. Billings, The Plot to Kill the President, Times Books, 1981, p. 103. ISBN 978-0-8129-0929-6.
  260. ^ Greg Jaynes, The Scene of the Crime, Afterward.
  261. ^ "Separate Views of Hons. Samuel L. Devine and Robert W. Edgar", HSCA Report, pp. 492–493.
  262. ^ "Report of the Committee on Ballistic Acoustics". Nap.edu. Retrieved December 24, 2012. 
  263. ^ Committee on Ballistic Acoustics, National Research Council (October 1982). "Reexamination of Acoustic Evidence in the Kennedy Assassination". Science 218 (8): 127–133.  
  264. ^ Donald B. Thomas, "Echo Correlation Analysis and the Acoustic Evidence in the Kennedy Assassination Revisited", Science & Justice, vol. 41(1), 2001, pp. 21-32. Retrieved April 10, 2010.
  265. ^ Linsker R., Garwin R.L., Chernoff H., Horowitz P., Ramsey N.F., "Synchronization of the acoustic evidence in the assassination of President Kennedy". Science & Justice, vol. 45(4), 2005, pp. 207–226.
  266. ^ Donald Byron Thomas (2010). "Hear No Evil: Social Constructivism and the Forensic Evidence in the Kennedy Assassination".  
  267. ^ Lydia Saad (November 21, 2003). "Americans: Kennedy Assassination a Conspiracy". Gallup, Inc. 
  268. ^ Gary Langer (November 16, 2003). "John F. Kennedy’s Assassination Leaves a Legacy of Suspicion". ABC News. Retrieved May 16, 2010. 
  269. ^ Dana Blanton (June 18, 2004). "Poll: Most Believe 'Cover-Up' of JFK Assassination Facts". Fox News. 
  270. ^ "Majority in U.S. Still Believe JFK Killed in a Conspiracy: Mafia, federal government top list of potential conspirators". Gallup, Inc. November 15, 2013. 
  271. ^ Bugliosi, Reclaiming History
  272. ^ Warren Commission Report, Chapter 4: The Assassin, Photograph of Oswald With Rifle
  273. ^ Warren Commission Report, Chapter 4: The Assassin, Denial of Rifle Ownership.
  274. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 1, p. 15, Testimony of Mrs. Lee Harvey Oswald.
  275. ^ Warren Commission Hearings, vol. 1, p. 146, Testimony of Mrs. Marguerite Oswald.
  276. ^ HSCA Appendix to Hearings, vol. 6, p. 151, Figure IV-21.
  277. ^ HSCA Appendix to Hearings, vol. 6, "The Oswald Backyard Photographs".
  278. ^ "id.". Retrieved February 27, 2009. 
  279. ^ "United States House Select Committee on Assassinations Report Chapter VI". Retrieved February 27, 2009. 
  280. ^ United States House Select Committee on Assassinations, Hearings, Testimony of Jack D. White.
  281. ^ Farid, H (2009). "The Lee Harvey Oswald backyard photos: real or fake?". Perception 38 (11): 1731–1734.  
  282. ^ "Dartmouth Professor finds that iconic Oswald photo was not faked.". November 5, 2009. Retrieved November 14, 2011. 

Further reading

  • Bugliosi, Vincent. Reclaiming History: The Assassination of President John F. Kennedy Norton, 2007, 1632 p. ISBN 0-393-04525-0.
  • Ford, Gerald. Portrait of the Assassin. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1965, ISBN 0-684-82663-1.
  • Mailer, Norman. Oswald's Tale: An American Mystery. New York: Ballantine Books, (1995) ISBN 0-345-40437-8.
  • McMillan, Priscilla Johnson. Marina and Lee New York: Harper & Row, 1977.
  • Nechiporenko, Oleg M. Passport to Assassination: The Never-Before Told Story of Lee Harvey Oswald by the KGB Colonel Who Knew Him. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, 1993, ISBN 1-55972-210-X.
  • Posner, Gerald. Case Closed: Lee Harvey Oswald and the Assassination of JFK Random House, 1993, hardcover, ISBN 0-679-41825-3

External links

  • : Who Was Lee Harvey Oswald?Frontline
  • : Oswald's GhostAmerican Experience
  • Kennedy Assassination Home Page by John McAdams
  • Lee Harvey Oswald: Lone Assassin or Patsy by John McAdams
  • Lee Harvey Oswald Chronology by W. Tracy Parnell
  • Crime Library: Lee Harvey Oswald by David Krajicek
  • Various photos of Oswald taken post mortem
  • A Study of Lee Harvey Oswald: Psychological Capability of Murder, Bull N Y Acad Med. 1967 October; 43(10): 861–888. by David Abrahamsen
  • Appendix 13: Biography of Lee Harvey OswaldReport of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy,
  • Lee Harvey Oswald at the Internet Movie Database
  • Lee Harvey Oswald at Find a Grave
Assassination
Aftermath
Investigations
Authority control

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